A Short History of Coffee
Qahvaning qisqacha tarixi
- N Narrator
Tinglashdan oldin: kalit so‘zlar
Har bir so‘zni bosing, eshiting va ovoz chiqarib takrorlang. Bu so‘zlar audioda uchraydi.
💡 Kontekst haqida o‘ylang: Hujjatli film hikoyasi: qahva Efiopiyadan butun dunyoga qanday tarqalgani va jamiyatni qanday o‘zgartirgani.
Tayyor bo‘lsangiz, tugmani bosing
Matnga qaramasdan to‘liq tinglang. Kim gapiryapti, qayerda va nima haqida? Har bir so‘zni emas, umumiy ma’noni tushunishga harakat qiling. Kerak bo‘lsa, ikki marta tinglang.
Tushundingizmi?
Javobni tanlang. Ishonchingiz komil bo‘lmasa, pastdagi pleyer orqali qayta tinglang.
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1 According to the legend, who discovered coffee?
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2 Why did Sufi monks drink coffee?
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3 Why did rulers distrust coffee houses?
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4 Why were London coffee houses called “penny universities”?
Matn bilan tinglash
Istalgan gapni bosing — o‘sha joydan ijro etiladi. So‘zlar eshitilgan sari yonib boradi.
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Legend has it that coffee was discovered in Ethiopia by a goatherd who noticed his animals dancing after eating certain red berries.
Rivoyat qilinishicha, qahvani Efiopiyada bir echki boquvchi kashf etgan: u echkilari qandaydir qizil mevalarni yegach, raqsga tushayotganini payqagan.
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Whether or not the story is true, by the fifteenth century coffee was being cultivated in Yemen, where Sufi monks drank it to stay awake during night prayers.
Hikoya rostmi-yo‘qmi, o‘n beshinchi asrga kelib qahva Yamanda yetishtirilardi va so‘fiy darveshlar tungi ibodatlarda bedor turish uchun uni ichishardi.
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From there it spread rapidly across the Islamic world, and coffee houses sprang up in Cairo, Damascus and Istanbul.
U yerdan u Islom olami bo‘ylab tez tarqaldi, Qohira, Damashq va Istanbulda qahvaxonalar paydo bo‘ldi.
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These were lively places where people played chess, listened to music and, crucially, debated politics.
Bular odamlar shaxmat o‘ynaydigan, musiqa tinglaydigan va, eng muhimi, siyosat haqida bahslashadigan jonli joylar edi.
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Unsurprisingly, rulers viewed them with suspicion, and several attempted, unsuccessfully, to ban them.
Ajablanarli emaski, hukmdorlar ularga shubha bilan qaradi va bir nechtasi ularni taqiqlashga urindi, ammo muvaffaqiyatsiz.
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When coffee reached Europe in the seventeenth century, London’s coffee houses became known as “penny universities”, since for the price of a cup, anyone could join the conversation.
O‘n yettinchi asrda qahva Yevropaga yetib kelganda, London qahvaxonalari “bir pennilik universitetlar” deb atala boshladi, chunki bir finjon narxiga istalgan kishi suhbatga qo‘shila olardi.
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Some of today’s most powerful institutions, including a famous insurance market, began life in exactly such rooms.
Bugungi eng qudratli muassasalarning ba’zilari, jumladan mashhur sug‘urta bozori ham, aynan shunday xonalarda ish boshlagan.
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So the next time you order a coffee, remember that you are taking part in a tradition that has shaped commerce, conversation and even revolution.
Shunday qilib, keyingi safar qahva buyurtma qilganingizda, savdo, muloqot va hatto inqilobni shakllantirgan an’anada ishtirok etayotganingizni yodda tuting.
Diktant
Gapni tinglang va eshitganingizni aynan yozing. Katta-kichik harf va tinish belgilari hisobga olinmaydi. Raqamlarni so‘z bilan yozing.
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