How Railways Changed Time
Temir yo‘llar vaqtni qanday o‘zgartirdi
- N Narrator
Tinglashdan oldin: kalit so‘zlar
Har bir so‘zni bosing, eshiting va ovoz chiqarib takrorlang. Bu so‘zlar audioda uchraydi.
💡 Kontekst haqida o‘ylang: Hujjatli hikoya: standart vaqt va vaqt zonalari qanday paydo bo‘lgani.
Tayyor bo‘lsangiz, tugmani bosing
Matnga qaramasdan to‘liq tinglang. Kim gapiryapti, qayerda va nima haqida? Har bir so‘zni emas, umumiy ma’noni tushunishga harakat qiling. Kerak bo‘lsa, ikki marta tinglang.
Tushundingizmi?
Javobni tanlang. Ishonchingiz komil bo‘lmasa, pastdagi pleyer orqali qayta tinglang.
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1 How was time set before the railways?
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2 What problem did different local times cause?
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3 How did some towns resist railway time?
Matn bilan tinglash
Istalgan gapni bosing — o‘sha joydan ijro etiladi. So‘zlar eshitilgan sari yonib boradi.
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Until the mid-nineteenth century, every town set its clocks by the sun. Noon was simply the moment the sun was highest in the sky.
O‘n to‘qqizinchi asr o‘rtalarigacha har bir shahar soatini quyoshga qarab sozlardi. Peshin shunchaki quyosh osmonda eng baland turgan lahza edi.
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As a result, Bristol ran about ten minutes behind London, and nobody particularly minded.
Natijada Bristol Londondan taxminan o‘n daqiqa orqada yurardi va bu hech kimni unchalik bezovta qilmasdi.
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Railways changed everything. A timetable is meaningless if every station keeps its own time, and confusion caused missed connections and even collisions.
Temir yo‘llar hamma narsani o‘zgartirdi. Har bir bekat o‘z vaqtini saqlasa, jadval ma’nosiz bo‘ladi, chalkashlik esa ulanishlarni o‘tkazib yuborish va hatto to‘qnashuvlarga sabab bo‘ldi.
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In eighteen forty-seven, British railway companies adopted a single standard, known as railway time, based on Greenwich.
1847-yilda Britaniya temir yo‘l kompaniyalari Grinvichga asoslangan, “temir yo‘l vaqti” deb nomlangan yagona standartni qabul qildi.
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Some towns resisted for years, keeping two minute hands on their clocks, one for local time and one for the trains.
Ba’zi shaharlar yillab qarshilik ko‘rsatdi va soatlarida ikkita daqiqa mili saqladi: biri mahalliy vaqt, biri poyezdlar uchun.
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By eighteen eighty-four, an international conference had divided the globe into the time zones we still use today.
1884-yilga kelib xalqaro konferensiya yer sharini bugun ham foydalanadigan vaqt zonalariga ajratgan edi.
Diktant
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