How Bees Talk to Each Other
Asalarilar bir-biri bilan qanday “gaplashadi”
Sarlavha va pastdagi so‘zlarga qarang. Matn nima haqida bo‘lishi mumkin? Bir daqiqa o‘ylab ko‘ring — bu miyani o‘qishga tayyorlaydi.
Asalarilarning raqs orqali ma’lumot almashishi haqida qiziqarli ilm.
Kalit so‘zlar
Bu so‘zlar matnda uchraydi va matnda ajratib ko‘rsatiladi. Bosing — talaffuzini eshitasiz.
⏱ O‘qish boshlanganda vaqt o‘lchanadi — oxirida tezligingizni ko‘rasiz.
👆 Istalgan so‘zni bosing — tarjimasi yoki lug‘atga havola chiqadi.
Bees cannot speak, but they have one of the most amazing communication systems in nature. When a worker bee finds a good place with flowers, she returns to the hive and performs a special dance.
Asalarilar gapira olmaydi, lekin ular tabiatdagi eng ajoyib aloqa tizimlaridan biriga ega. Ishchi asalari gulli yaxshi joy topganda, uyaga qaytib, maxsus raqs ijro etadi.
If the flowers are close, she does a “round dance”, moving in small circles. If they are far away, she does a “waggle dance”: she walks in a straight line while shaking her body, then turns and repeats it.
Agar gullar yaqin bo‘lsa, u kichik doiralar bo‘ylab harakatlanib, “aylana raqs” ijro etadi. Agar ular uzoqda bo‘lsa, “silkinish raqsi”ni ijro etadi: tanasini silkitib, to‘g‘ri chiziq bo‘ylab yuradi, keyin burilib, takrorlaydi.
The direction of the straight line shows the direction of the flowers compared to the sun. The length of the waggle tells the other bees how far they need to fly.
To‘g‘ri chiziqning yo‘nalishi gullarning quyoshga nisbatan yo‘nalishini ko‘rsatadi. Silkinish davomiyligi boshqa asalarilarga qancha uzoq uchish kerakligini bildiradi.
This system was discovered by an Austrian scientist, Karl von Frisch, who won a Nobel Prize for his research in 1973.
Bu tizimni avstriyalik olim Karl fon Frish kashf etgan, u 1973-yilda tadqiqoti uchun Nobel mukofotini olgan.
Bees also communicate through smell. A queen bee produces special chemicals that tell the other bees she is alive and healthy. If she dies, the smell disappears, and within hours the workers start to raise a new queen. Guard bees at the entrance use smell to recognise members of their own hive and keep strangers out.
Asalarilar hid orqali ham muloqot qiladi. Ona ari boshqa asalarilarga o‘zining tirik va sog‘lom ekanini bildiradigan maxsus kimyoviy moddalar ishlab chiqaradi. Agar u o‘lsa, hid yo‘qoladi va bir necha soat ichida ishchi arilar yangi ona ari yetishtira boshlaydi. Kirish joyidagi qorovul arilar o‘z uyasi a’zolarini tanish va begonalarni kiritmaslik uchun hiddan foydalanadi.
Today, scientists are worried about bees. Their numbers are falling in many parts of the world because of pesticides, disease and the loss of wild flowers. This matters to us all: about one third of the food we eat depends on bees and other insects to pollinate the plants.
Bugun olimlar asalarilar haqida xavotirda. Pestitsidlar, kasalliklar va yovvoyi gullarning yo‘qolishi tufayli dunyoning ko‘p qismida ularning soni kamaymoqda. Bu barchamiz uchun muhim: biz yeydigan oziq-ovqatning taxminan uchdan bir qismi o‘simliklarni changlatuvchi asalarilar va boshqa hasharotlarga bog‘liq.
Tushundingizmi?
Javob topa olmasangiz, «O‘qish» bosqichiga qaytib, matnga qarang — bu ham mashq.
-
Asosiy g‘oya
1 What is the main idea of the article?
-
2 Which dance shows that flowers are far away?
-
3 What does the length of the waggle tell other bees?
True / False / Not Given
True — matnda aynan shunday deyilgan. False — matn aksini aytadi. Not Given — matnda bu haqda ma’lumot yo‘q.
-
1 A queen bee lives for ten years.
-
2 Karl von Frisch won a Nobel Prize.
-
3 All types of bees use the waggle dance.
-
4 Guard bees use smell to recognise members of their hive.
-
5 Bees communicate by making sounds.
-
6 Bee numbers are rising everywhere.
So‘zni ma’nosi bilan juftlang
Chapdan so‘zni, o‘ngdan uning ma’nosini tanlang. Hammasi juftlansa, natija chiqadi.