The Disappearing Sea
Yo‘qolib borayotgan dengiz
Sarlavha va pastdagi so‘zlarga qarang. Matn nima haqida bo‘lishi mumkin? Bir daqiqa o‘ylab ko‘ring — bu miyani o‘qishga tayyorlaydi.
Orol dengizining qurishi sabablari va bugungi tiklash harakatlari.
Kalit so‘zlar
Bu so‘zlar matnda uchraydi va matnda ajratib ko‘rsatiladi. Bosing — talaffuzini eshitasiz.
⏱ O‘qish boshlanganda vaqt o‘lchanadi — oxirida tezligingizni ko‘rasiz.
👆 Istalgan so‘zni bosing — tarjimasi yoki lug‘atga havola chiqadi.
Sixty years ago, the Aral Sea was the fourth largest lake in the world. Fishing towns lined its shores, and thousands of people worked in the fishing industry. Today, most of it has disappeared, leaving behind a dry desert of salt and sand.
Oltmish yil oldin Orol dengizi dunyodagi to‘rtinchi eng katta ko‘l edi. Uning qirg‘oqlari bo‘ylab baliqchilik shaharchalari joylashgan, minglab odamlar baliqchilik sohasida ishlagan. Bugun uning katta qismi yo‘qolib, ortida tuz va qumdan iborat quruq cho‘l qolgan.
The main cause was human. In the 1960s, the Soviet government decided to use the water of the two rivers that fed the sea, the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya, to grow cotton in the desert. The fields grew, but the sea began to shrink.
Asosiy sabab inson omili edi. 1960-yillarda Sovet hukumati dengizni to‘ldirib turgan ikki daryo — Amudaryo va Sirdaryo suvidan cho‘lda paxta yetishtirish uchun foydalanishga qaror qildi. Dalalar kengaydi, lekin dengiz qisqara boshladi.
The results were terrible. Fish died, the fishing industry collapsed, and dust storms carried salt and chemicals into nearby villages. Many people in the region developed health problems.
Natijalar dahshatli bo‘ldi. Baliqlar nobud bo‘ldi, baliqchilik sohasi barbod bo‘ldi, chang bo‘ronlari tuz va kimyoviy moddalarni yaqin qishloqlarga olib bordi. Mintaqadagi ko‘p odamlarda sog‘liq muammolari paydo bo‘ldi.
There is some hope, however. Kazakhstan built a dam that has helped the northern part of the sea to recover, and fish have returned. In Uzbekistan, millions of trees have been planted on the dry seabed to stop the salt from blowing away.
Biroq biroz umid ham bor. Qozog‘iston to‘g‘on qurdi, bu dengizning shimoliy qismi tiklanishiga yordam berdi va baliqlar qaytdi. O‘zbekistonda esa tuzning shamolda uchib ketishini to‘xtatish uchun quruq dengiz tubiga millionlab daraxtlar ekildi.
One of the most striking sights in the region is the “ship cemetery” near the town of Moynaq. Rusty fishing boats lie in the sand, more than a hundred kilometres from the water. Fifty years ago, Moynaq was a busy port; today the sea has moved so far away that it cannot be seen even from the town’s highest point.
Mintaqadagi eng hayratlanarli manzaralardan biri — Mo‘ynoq shaharchasi yaqinidagi “kemalar qabristoni”. Zanglagan baliqchi qayiqlar suvdan yuz kilometrdan ko‘proq uzoqda qumda yotibdi. Ellik yil oldin Mo‘ynoq gavjum port bo‘lgan; bugun dengiz shunchalik uzoqlashganki, uni hatto shaharchaning eng baland nuqtasidan ham ko‘rib bo‘lmaydi.
The climate of the region has also changed. Without the large body of water to soften temperatures, summers have become hotter and drier and winters colder. The growing season for crops has become shorter, which has made life even harder for farmers who already struggle with salty soil.
Mintaqa iqlimi ham o‘zgardi. Haroratni yumshatib turadigan katta suv havzasi bo‘lmagach, yozlar issiqroq va quruqroq, qishlar esa sovuqroq bo‘lib qoldi. Ekinlarning o‘sish mavsumi qisqardi, bu esa sho‘r tuproq bilan allaqachon kurashayotgan dehqonlar hayotini yanada qiyinlashtirdi.
Tushundingizmi?
Javob topa olmasangiz, «O‘qish» bosqichiga qaytib, matnga qarang — bu ham mashq.
-
Asosiy g‘oya
1 What is the article mainly about?
-
2 What was the main cause of the problem?
-
3 Why have trees been planted on the dry seabed?
True / False / Not Given
True — matnda aynan shunday deyilgan. False — matn aksini aytadi. Not Given — matnda bu haqda ma’lumot yo‘q.
-
1 Moynaq’s population has grown in recent years.
-
2 The northern part of the sea has partly recovered.
-
3 Old fishing boats lie in the sand near Moynaq.
-
4 Summers in the region have become cooler.
-
5 The Aral Sea is still the fourth largest lake in the world.
-
6 Tourists visit the Aral Sea every summer.
So‘zni ma’nosi bilan juftlang
Chapdan so‘zni, o‘ngdan uning ma’nosini tanlang. Hammasi juftlansa, natija chiqadi.
Natijangiz
- Tushunish
- —
- So‘zlar
- —
- Tezlik
- —