Esports: Game or Sport?
Kibersport: o‘yinmi yoki sport?
Sarlavha va pastdagi so‘zlarga qarang. Matn nima haqida bo‘lishi mumkin? Bir daqiqa o‘ylab ko‘ring — bu miyani o‘qishga tayyorlaydi.
Kibersportning tez o‘sishi va uni haqiqiy sport deb hisoblash mumkinmi degan bahs.
Kalit so‘zlar
Bu so‘zlar matnda uchraydi va matnda ajratib ko‘rsatiladi. Bosing — talaffuzini eshitasiz.
⏱ O‘qish boshlanganda vaqt o‘lchanadi — oxirida tezligingizni ko‘rasiz.
👆 Istalgan so‘zni bosing — tarjimasi yoki lug‘atga havola chiqadi.
In a packed stadium, tens of thousands of fans scream as the final seconds of a match tick away. Millions more are watching live online. The players, sitting at computers on a brightly lit stage, are competing for a prize of several million dollars. This is not science fiction; it is the world championship of a popular video game, and it is one of the fastest-growing forms of entertainment on the planet.
Odam bilan to‘lgan stadionda o‘n minglab muxlislar o‘yinning so‘nggi soniyalari o‘tayotganda qichqirishmoqda. Yana millionlab odamlar internetda jonli tomosha qilmoqda. Yorqin yoritilgan sahnada kompyuterlar oldida o‘tirgan o‘yinchilar bir necha million dollarlik sovrin uchun kurashmoqda. Bu ilmiy fantastika emas; bu mashhur video o‘yin bo‘yicha jahon chempionati va u sayyoradagi eng tez o‘sayotgan ko‘ngilochar turlardan biri.
Esports, or competitive video gaming, has grown from a hobby into a global industry worth more than a billion dollars a year. Professional players are paid salaries by teams, which are often owned by large companies or even traditional football clubs. Top players can earn millions through prize money, sponsorship and streaming their games online. Several countries, including South Korea and China, now officially recognise esports, and universities in the United States offer esports scholarships.
Kibersport yoki raqobatbardosh video o‘yinlar sevimli mashg‘ulotdan yiliga bir milliard dollardan ortiq qiymatga ega global sanoatga aylandi. Professional o‘yinchilarga jamoalar maosh to‘laydi, jamoalar esa ko‘pincha yirik kompaniyalar yoki hatto an’anaviy futbol klublariga tegishli bo‘ladi. Eng yaxshi o‘yinchilar sovrin pullari, homiylik va o‘yinlarini internetda translyatsiya qilish orqali millionlab daromad qilishlari mumkin. Janubiy Koreya va Xitoy kabi bir qancha mamlakatlar endi kibersportni rasman tan oladi, AQShdagi universitetlar esa kibersport stipendiyalarini taklif qiladi.
Yet many people remain sceptical. Can sitting in a chair and pressing buttons really be called a sport? Critics argue that sport, by definition, involves physical effort and fitness. They point out that esports players do not need to be strong or fast in the way that footballers or swimmers do. Some also worry that celebrating gaming as a sport sends the wrong message to young people, who already spend too much time in front of screens.
Biroq ko‘pchilik hali ham shubhada. Kresloda o‘tirib tugmalarni bosishni haqiqatan ham sport deb atash mumkinmi? Tanqidchilar ta’rifga ko‘ra sport jismoniy kuch va chiniqishni talab qiladi, deb ta’kidlashadi. Ular kibersport o‘yinchilari futbolchilar yoki suzuvchilar kabi kuchli yoki tez bo‘lishlari shart emasligini ko‘rsatishadi. Ba’zilar o‘yinlarni sport sifatida ulug‘lash allaqachon ekran oldida juda ko‘p vaqt o‘tkazadigan yoshlarga noto‘g‘ri xabar beradi, deb xavotirlanishadi.
Supporters of esports disagree strongly. They argue that the skills required at the highest level are extraordinary. Professional players can make more than three hundred precise actions per minute, react in fractions of a second and keep track of enormous amounts of information at once. Studies of professional gamers have found heart rates similar to those of athletes during competition, as well as high levels of stress hormones. Many sports, they add, such as shooting, archery or chess, which is recognised as a sport by the International Olympic Committee, require little physical strength.
Kibersport tarafdorlari bunga qat’iyan qo‘shilmaydi. Ularning ta’kidlashicha, eng yuqori darajada talab qilinadigan ko‘nikmalar favqulodda. Professional o‘yinchilar daqiqasiga uch yuzdan ortiq aniq harakat qilishi, soniyaning ulushlarida reaksiya bildirishi va bir vaqtning o‘zida ulkan hajmdagi ma’lumotlarni kuzatib borishi mumkin. Professional geymerlar ustidan o‘tkazilgan tadqiqotlar ularda musobaqa paytida sportchilarnikiga o‘xshash yurak urish tezligi va stress gormonlarining yuqori darajasini aniqlagan. Ularning qo‘shimcha qilishicha, otish, kamondan otish yoki Xalqaro Olimpiya qo‘mitasi sport sifatida tan olgan shaxmat kabi ko‘plab sport turlari kam jismoniy kuch talab qiladi.
Professional gaming is also far from easy. Top players often train for ten to twelve hours a day, studying opponents, practising strategies and analysing their own mistakes. Teams employ coaches, analysts, nutritionists and psychologists. Careers are short: because reaction times begin to slow in the mid-twenties, many players retire before they are thirty. Injuries are common too, especially to the wrists, hands and back, caused by long hours of repetitive movement.
Professional o‘yin ham oson emas. Eng yaxshi o‘yinchilar ko‘pincha kuniga o‘n-o‘n ikki soat mashq qilishadi, raqiblarni o‘rganishadi, strategiyalarni mashq qilishadi va o‘z xatolarini tahlil qilishadi. Jamoalar murabbiylar, tahlilchilar, dietologlar va psixologlarni ishga oladi. Karyera qisqa: reaksiya tezligi yigirma besh yoshlar atrofida sekinlasha boshlagani uchun ko‘plab o‘yinchilar o‘ttiz yoshga to‘lmasdan nafaqaga chiqishadi. Jarohatlar ham keng tarqalgan, ayniqsa uzoq soatlab takrorlanuvchi harakatlar sababli bilak, qo‘l va bel jarohatlari.
The debate has reached the highest levels of world sport. The International Olympic Committee has shown growing interest, organising its first Olympic Esports Week in Singapore in 2023 and announcing plans for a separate Olympic Esports Games. However, it has so far avoided including violent shooting games, which it says conflict with Olympic values.
Bahs jahon sportining eng yuqori darajalarigacha yetib bordi. Xalqaro Olimpiya qo‘mitasi ortib borayotgan qiziqish bildirib, 2023-yilda Singapurda birinchi Olimpiya kibersport haftaligini tashkil etdi va alohida Olimpiya kibersport o‘yinlari rejalarini e’lon qildi. Biroq u hozircha zo‘ravonlikka asoslangan otishma o‘yinlarini kiritishdan qochib kelmoqda, chunki ular Olimpiya qadriyatlariga zid ekanini aytadi.
Whether or not esports is a “real” sport may ultimately be a question of definitions. What is clear is that for millions of young people around the world, it offers excitement, community and, for a talented few, a career. Like any activity, the key for most people is balance: enjoying games while still finding time for physical exercise, friends and the world beyond the screen.
Kibersport “haqiqiy” sportmi yoki yo‘qmi, degan savol oxir-oqibat ta’riflarga bog‘liq bo‘lishi mumkin. Aniq narsa shuki, dunyo bo‘ylab millionlab yoshlar uchun u hayajon, jamoa va iqtidorli ozchilik uchun karyera taklif qiladi. Har qanday faoliyat kabi, ko‘pchilik uchun asosiy narsa — muvozanat: o‘yinlardan zavqlanish bilan birga jismoniy mashq, do‘stlar va ekrandan tashqaridagi dunyo uchun vaqt topish.
Tushundingizmi?
Javob topa olmasangiz, «O‘qish» bosqichiga qaytib, matnga qarang — bu ham mashq.
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Asosiy g‘oya
1 What is the article mainly about?
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2 Who often owns esports teams?
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3 What is the critics’ main argument?
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4 Why do many esports players retire before thirty?
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5 Why has the IOC avoided violent shooting games?
True / False / Not Given
True — matnda aynan shunday deyilgan. False — matn aksini aytadi. Not Given — matnda bu haqda ma’lumot yo‘q.
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1 The writer suggests balance between gaming and other activities.
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2 Esports is worth more than a billion dollars a year.
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3 Professional gamers train for only two or three hours a day.
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4 Esports will be part of the next Summer Olympics.
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5 Some American universities offer esports scholarships.
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6 Chess is recognised as a sport by the IOC.
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7 The first Olympic Esports Week was held in Singapore.
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8 Most esports fans are under eighteen.
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9 South Korea has won the most esports championships.
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10 Esports players never get injured.
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11 Esports teams employ psychologists.
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12 Esports players make fewer than fifty actions per minute.
So‘zni ma’nosi bilan juftlang
Chapdan so‘zni, o‘ngdan uning ma’nosini tanlang. Hammasi juftlansa, natija chiqadi.