Do or Make?

Oddiy qilib aytganda

O‘zbekchada “qilmoq” bitta so‘z, inglizchada esa ikkita: do va make. Qaysi birini tanlash ko‘pincha iboraga bog‘liq, shuning uchun eng ko‘p uchraydiganlarini yodlab olish kerak. Lekin umumiy yo‘nalish bor:

• do — ish, vazifa, faoliyat bajarish (natijada yangi narsa paydo bo‘lmaydi): do homework, do the dishes.
• make — yaratish, yasash, tayyorlash (yangi narsa paydo bo‘ladi): make a cake, make a dress.

• I do my homework after dinner.Uy vazifamni kechki ovqatdan keyin qilaman.
• My mum makes delicious plov.Onam mazali osh qiladi.
• Sorry, I made a mistake.Kechirasiz, xato qildim.
• Can you do me a favour?Menga bir yaxshilik qila olasizmi?

Bu darsda siz quyidagilarni o‘rganasiz:

1. do — ish va vazifalar.
2. make — yaratish va tayyorlash.
3. Uy ishlari: do the dishes, make the bed.
4. make bilan muhim iboralar.
5. do bilan muhim iboralar.
6. do something / do nothing.

do — ish va faoliyat

• What do you do?Nima ish qilasiz?
• I do yoga every morning.Har tong yoga qilaman.
• Just do your best!Qo‘lingdan kelganicha harakat qil!

make — yaratish

make bilan muhim iboralar

• Please don’t make a noise. The baby is sleeping.Shovqin qilmang. Chaqaloq uxlayapti.
• You’re making good progress!Yaxshi rivojlanyapsiz!
• Make sure the door is locked.Eshik qulflanganiga ishonch hosil qiling.

do something / nothing

Noaniq ish haqida doim do:

• I didn’t do anything wrong.Men hech qanday yomon ish qilmadim.
• Let’s do something fun!Qiziq bir ish qilaylik!
• There’s nothing to do here.Bu yerda qiladigan ish yo‘q.

do va make bilan ko‘proq iboralar

do bilan

• Who does the cooking in your family?Oilangizda kim ovqat pishiradi?
• She did well in the exam.U imtihonni yaxshi topshirdi.
• The storm did a lot of damage.Bo‘ron katta zarar yetkazdi.

make bilan

• I need to make an appointment with the dentist.Tish shifokoriga yozilishim kerak.
• He always makes excuses for being late.U kechikkani uchun doim bahona qiladi.
• Can you make room for one more person?Yana bir kishiga joy bo‘shata olasizmi?

O‘zbekchadan tarjima tuzog‘i

O‘zbekchada “qilmoq” juda ko‘p ishlatiladi, lekin inglizchada u har doim do yoki make emas — ko‘pincha boshqa fe’l kerak:

• We travelled around Europe last summer.O‘tgan yozda Yevropa bo‘ylab sayohat qildik.
• I had a long conversation with my teacher.O‘qituvchim bilan uzoq suhbat qildim.
• Can you fix my bike?Velosipedimni tuzata olasanmi?

Bosqichma-bosqich

1. Tayyor ibora bormi? (mistake, decision, homework) → yodlanganini ishlating.
2. Yangi narsa paydo bo‘ladimi? (ovqat, buyum, reja) → make.
3. Ish, vazifa, faoliyatmi? → do.

Misol: “U har kuni ertalab o‘rnini yig‘adi.”

1. Tayyor ibora: make the bed.

Misol: “Kecha xarid qildim.”

1. Tayyor ibora: do the shopping.

Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar

Eslab qoling: do — ish va vazifa (homework, the dishes, sport). make — yaratish (a cake, a plan) va mistake, decision, noise.

Hayotiy vaziyatlarda

Shanba kuni uy ishlari

• — What are you doing today?— Bugun nima qilyapsan?
• — Lots of housework! I have to do the cleaning and do the shopping.— Uy ishlari ko‘p! Tozalash va xarid qilishim kerak.
• — I can help. I’ll make lunch.— Men yordam beraman. Tushlik tayyorlayman.
• — Great! And can you do me a favour? Please make a list for the shop.— Zo‘r! Bir iltimosim bor: do‘kon uchun ro‘yxat tuzib ber.
• — Sure. Oh no, I made a mistake — we have no eggs!— Albatta. Voy, xato qildim — tuxum yo‘q ekan!

Ishxonada

• — I want to make a complaint. The printer doesn’t work again!— Shikoyat qilmoqchiman. Printer yana ishlamayapti!
• — Sorry. Can you make a suggestion? What should we do?— Kechirasiz. Taklif kirita olasizmi? Nima qilishimiz kerak?
• — We should buy a new one. This one does more harm than good.— Yangisini sotib olishimiz kerak. Bunisi foydadan ko‘ra ko‘proq zarar keltiradi.
• — OK, I’ll make a note and talk to the manager.— Xo‘p, qayd qilib qo‘yaman va menejer bilan gaplashaman.
• — Thanks. And could you do me a favour? Call IT for me.— Rahmat. Bir iltimosim bor: men uchun IT bo‘limiga qo‘ng‘iroq qiling.

Kichik matn: “Band ona”

My mother does everything at home. Every morning she makes breakfast and does her hair in ten minutes. Then she does the shopping, does the laundry and makes the beds. In the afternoon she does her work from home — she does research for a university. She never makes excuses and rarely makes mistakes. In the evening, she makes dinner and makes jokes to make us laugh. Last week we decided to do her a favour: we did all the housework, and she made herself a cup of tea and relaxed!

Matndagi do va make iboralarini ikki guruhga ajrating.

O‘zingizni tekshiring

1. Have you ___ your homework? → done
2. I ___ a big mistake. → made
3. Who ___ this delicious cake? → made
4. I ___ karate twice a week. → do
5. Could you ___ me a favour? → do
6. We need to ___ a decision. → make
7. Tish shifokoriga yozilishim kerak. → I need to make an appointment with the dentist.
8. U imtihonni yaxshi topshirdi. → She did well in the exam.
9. Oilangizda kim ovqat pishiradi? → Who does the cooking in your family?
10. Biz Yevropa bo‘ylab sayohat qildik. → We travelled around Europe.

Qisqa xulosa

• do — ish, vazifa, faoliyat: do homework, do sport, do the shopping, do the dishes.
• make — yaratish, tayyorlash: make a cake, make tea, make a plan.
• make: a mistake, a decision, a noise, a promise, the bed, friends, money.
• do: a favour, your best, a course, business.
• Noaniq ish: do something / anything / nothing.