Prefer

Oddiy qilib aytganda

prefer — “afzal ko‘rmoq”, ya’ni ikki narsadan birini ko‘proq yoqtirish. Ikki shakli bor:

• prefer — umuman afzal ko‘rish: I prefer tea to coffee. (Men choyni qahvadan afzal ko‘raman.)
• would prefer — hozir, shu vaziyatda: I’d prefer tea, please. (Hozir choy ichgan ma’qul.)

Eng muhim nuqta: taqqoslashda than emas, to ishlatiladi.

• I prefer summer to winter.Men yozni qishdan afzal ko‘raman.
• She prefers reading to watching TV.U kitob o‘qishni televizor ko‘rishdan afzal ko‘radi.
• I’d prefer to stay at home tonight.Bugun uyda qolganim ma’qul.
• — Tea or coffee? — I’d prefer tea, thanks.— Choymi, qahvami? — Choy, rahmat.

Bu darsda siz quyidagilarni o‘rganasiz:

1. prefer A to B — umumiy afzallik.
2. prefer + -ing va prefer + to + fe’l.
3. would prefer — hozirgi tanlov.
4. would prefer to ... rather than ...
5. Which do you prefer? savoli.
6. would rather bilan solishtirish (qisqacha).

prefer A to B

Ikki otni taqqoslash: prefer + A + to + B:

• I prefer cats to dogs.Mushuklarni itlardan afzal ko‘raman.
• My dad prefers football to basketball.Dadam futbolni basketboldan afzal ko‘radi.
• Most people prefer fresh bread to frozen bread.Ko‘pchilik yangi nonni muzlatilganidan afzal ko‘radi.

Diqqat: I prefer tea than coffee — xato. Doim to.

prefer + fe’l

Fe’llar bilan ikki xil:

• I prefer living in the city to living in a village.Shaharda yashashni qishloqda yashashdan afzal ko‘raman.
• She prefers to study in the morning.U ertalab o‘qishni afzal ko‘radi.

would prefer — hozirgi tanlov

would prefer (I’d prefer) — aniq vaziyatdagi tanlov. Undan keyin ot yoki to + fe’l:

• I’d prefer the window seat.Deraza yonidagi o‘rinni afzal ko‘raman.
• I’d prefer to walk. It’s a nice day.Piyoda borganim ma’qul. Havo yaxshi.
• Would you prefer fish or chicken?Baliq yoki tovuqni afzal ko‘rasizmi?
• I’d prefer not to talk about it.Bu haqda gapirmaganim ma’qul.

Inkor: would prefer not to + fe’l.

rather than

would prefer to bilan taqqoslash uchun rather than + fe’lning asosiy shakli:

• I’d prefer to take a taxi rather than walk.Piyoda yurgandan ko‘ra taksi olganim ma’qul.
• She’d prefer to stay home rather than go out.U tashqariga chiqqandan ko‘ra uyda qolishni afzal ko‘radi.

Which do you prefer?

• Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?Qaysi birini afzal ko‘rasiz, choymi yoki qahvami?
• — I prefer tea.— Men choyni afzal ko‘raman.
• Which would you prefer, the red one or the blue one?Qaysi birini tanlaysiz, qizilinimi yoki ko‘kinimi?

would rather (qisqacha)

would rather — would prefer ning sinonimi, lekin to siz:

B2 darsida batafsil.

prefer — umumiy va hozirgi

prefer — umumiy afzallik; would prefer — hozirgi vaziyatdagi tanlov:

• — Tea or coffee? — I’d prefer coffee, thanks.— Choymi yoki qahva? — Qahva, rahmat.
• Would you prefer to sit by the window?Deraza yonida o‘tirishni afzal ko‘rasizmi?
• I’d prefer not to talk about it.Bu haqda gapirmaslikni afzal ko‘raman.

would prefer not to — muloyim rad etish: I’d prefer not to say. — “Aytmasam yaxshi.”

would prefer + kishi + to

Boshqa odamning nima qilishini afzal ko‘rish:

• I’d prefer you to come early.Erta kelishingni afzal ko‘raman.
• My parents would prefer me to study medicine.Ota-onam tibbiyotni o‘qishimni afzal ko‘rishadi.
• Would you prefer me to call you later?Keyinroq qo‘ng‘iroq qilishimni afzal ko‘rasizmi?

prefer va would rather — tuzilma farqi

Ikkalasining ma’nosi bir xil, lekin grammatikasi turlicha:

• I prefer books to films.Filmdan ko‘ra kitobni afzal ko‘raman.
• I’d rather read than watch TV.Televizor ko‘rgandan ko‘ra kitob o‘qiganim afzal.
• I’d prefer to walk rather than take the bus.Avtobusga o‘tirgandan ko‘ra piyoda yurishni afzal ko‘raman.

Diqqat: prefer ... than — xato; prefer bilan — to yoki rather than.

Bosqichma-bosqich

1. Umumiy afzallikmi? → prefer + A to B (ot yoki -ing).
2. Hozirgi tanlovmi? → would prefer + ot / to + fe’l.
3. Taqqoslash: umumiyda — to; would prefer bilan — rather than.

Misol: “Men poyezdni samolyotdan afzal ko‘raman.”

Misol: “Bugun kechqurun uyda ovqat qilganimiz ma’qul.”

Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar

Eslab qoling: prefer A to B (than emas!). I’d prefer to + fe’l — hozirgi tanlov. rather than — would prefer bilan.

Hayotiy vaziyatlarda

Sayohat rejasi

• — Shall we fly to Samarkand or take the train?— Samarqandga samolyotda uchamizmi yoki poyezdda boramizmi?
• — I prefer trains to planes. They’re more comfortable.— Men poyezdni samolyotdan afzal ko‘raman. Qulayroq.
• — OK. Would you prefer the morning train or the evening one?— Mayli. Ertalabki poyezdmi yoki kechqurungisi?
• — I’d prefer the morning one.— Ertalabkisini afzal ko‘raman.
• — And the hotel?— Mehmonxona-chi?
• — I’d prefer to stay near the Registan rather than in the new part of the city.— Yangi shahardan ko‘ra Registon yonida turganim ma’qul.

Restoranda

• — Would you like to sit inside or outside?— Ichkarida o‘tirasizmi yoki tashqarida?
• — I’d prefer outside, if possible.— Iloji bo‘lsa, tashqarini afzal ko‘raman.
• — Of course. Would you like still or sparkling water?— Albatta. Gazsiz suvmi yoki gazli?
• — I prefer still water.— Gazsiz suvni afzal ko‘raman.
• — And for the main course?— Asosiy taomga-chi?
• — I’d rather have fish than meat today.— Bugun go‘shtdan ko‘ra baliq yeganim afzal.

Kichik matn: “Ikki xil sayohatchi”

My sister and I love travelling, but we prefer different things. She prefers beach holidays to city breaks — she’d rather lie in the sun than walk around museums. I prefer exploring old cities. This summer, our parents asked us, “Where would you prefer to go?” My sister said, “I’d prefer to go to Turkey.” I said, “I’d rather visit Samarkand and Bukhara.” In the end, our parents said, “We’d prefer you to agree on one place!” So we chose Turkey — but we visited Istanbul’s museums too.

Matndagi prefer, would prefer va would rather ni toping. Ulardan keyin qaysi tuzilma kelgan?

O‘zingizni tekshiring

1. I prefer apples ___ bananas. → to
2. She prefers ___ (swim) to ___ (run). → swimming / running
3. I’d prefer ___ (go) by bus. → to go
4. I’d prefer ___ ___ talk now. (inkor) → not to
5. Tuzating: I prefer summer than winter. → I prefer summer to winter.
6. Men kitobni filmdan afzal ko‘raman. → I prefer books to films.
7. (Hozir) qahva olaman, rahmat. → I’d prefer coffee, thanks.
8. Erta kelishingni afzal ko‘raman. → I’d prefer you to come early.
9. Bu haqda gapirmasam yaxshi. → I’d prefer not to talk about it.

Qisqa xulosa

• prefer A to B — umumiy afzallik (to, than emas).
• prefer + -ing to + -ing; yoki prefer to + fe’l.
• would prefer + ot / to + fe’l — hozirgi tanlov.
• Inkor: would prefer not to.
• would prefer to A rather than B.
• prefer — holat fe’li, -ing shaklida ishlatilmaydi.