Have breakfast, Have a shower

Oddiy qilib aytganda

have fe’lini siz “bor” ma’nosida bilasiz: I have a car. Lekin have yana bir muhim vazifani bajaradi — u harakat bildiradi: have breakfast (nonushta qilmoq), have a shower (dush qabul qilmoq), have fun (maza qilmoq).

Bu ma’noda have oddiy fe’ldek ishlaydi: do / does bilan savol beradi, -ing shaklini oladi va have got bilan almashtirilmaydi.

• I have breakfast at 7.Soat 7 da nonushta qilaman.
• She is having a shower.U dush qabul qilyapti.
• Have a good time!Yaxshi dam oling! (Maza qiling!)
• We had a party last night.Kecha ziyofat qildik.

Bu darsda siz quyidagilarni o‘rganasiz:

1. have — “bor” va have — harakat farqi.
2. Eng ko‘p ishlatiladigan iboralar.
3. Savol va inkor: do/does bilan.
4. Present Continuous da: I’m having...
5. Nega bu ma’noda have got ishlatilmaydi.

Ikki xil have

Qoida: harakat ma’nosidagi have — got olmaydi va -ing shaklida ishlatila oladi.

Ovqat va ichimliklar

• What time do you have dinner?Kechki ovqatni soat nechada qilasiz?
• Let’s have lunch together.Birga tushlik qilaylik.
• I’ll have a tea, please.Menga choy bering. (kafeda buyurtma)
• We have plov every Friday.Har juma osh yeymiz.

Diqqat: have breakfast / lunch / dinner — artiklsiz.

Kundalik ishlar

• I have a shower every morning.Har tong dush qabul qilaman.
• You look tired. Have a rest.Charchagan ko‘rinasiz. Dam oling.
• Let’s have a break.Tanaffus qilaylik.
• The baby is having a sleep.Chaqaloq uxlayapti.

Vaqt o‘tkazish va tajriba

• Have fun at the party!Ziyofatda maza qiling!
• Did you have a good time in Samarkand?Samarqandda yaxshi dam oldingizmi?
• We had a great holiday.Ajoyib ta’til o‘tkazdik.
• I had a problem with my car.Mashinamda muammo chiqdi.

Muloqot va harakatlar

Savol va inkor

Harakat ma’nosidagi have — oddiy fe’l. Shuning uchun do / does / did kerak:

Diqqat: Have you breakfast? — xato. To‘g‘ri: Do you have breakfast?

Davomli zamonda have

“Ega bo‘lmoq” ma’nosidagi have davomli zamonda ishlatilmaydi (I’m having a car — xato). Lekin harakat ma’nosidagi have — davomli zamonda bemalol ishlatiladi:

• Sorry, I can’t talk now — I’m having dinner.Kechirasiz, hozir gaplasha olmayman — kechki ovqat qilyapman.
• The children are having fun in the garden.Bolalar bog‘da maza qilishyapti.
• We were having a meeting when the phone rang.Telefon jiringlaganda yig‘ilish o‘tkazayotgan edik.
• Are you having a good time?Vaqtingiz yaxshi o‘tyaptimi?

Tilaklar: Have a nice day!

have bilan juda ko‘p tilak iboralari bor — ular buyruq shaklida:

• — I’m going to the cinema. — Have fun!— Kinoga ketyapman. — Maza qil!
• Have a good flight, and call me when you land.Oq yo‘l, qo‘nganingda qo‘ng‘iroq qil.
• Please have a seat. The doctor will see you soon.Iltimos, o‘tiring. Shifokor tez orada sizni qabul qiladi.
• Can I have a look at your photos?Rasmlaringizga qarab ko‘rsam bo‘ladimi?

have yoki take?

Ba’zi iboralarda have va take ikkalasi ham ishlatiladi. have — britancha, take — ko‘proq amerikacha:

• have / take a showerdush qabul qilmoq
• have / take a breaktanaffus qilmoq
• have / take a lookqarab ko‘rmoq
• have / take a bathvanna qabul qilmoq

Lekin: take a photo, take a bus, take medicine — have emas.

Bosqichma-bosqich

1. Ma’no “bor”mi yoki harakatmi? Harakat bo‘lsa — have got ishlatmaymiz.
2. Zamonni tanlang: odat → have/has; hozir → am/is/are having; o‘tgan → had.
3. Savol/inkor → do/does/did.

Misol: “U hozir tushlik qilyapti.”

1. Harakat, hozir → Present Continuous.

Misol: “Siz nonushta qildingizmi?”

1. Harakat, o‘tgan zamon, savol → Did.

Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar

Eslab qoling: harakat ma’nosidagi have — oddiy fe’l: do/does/did bilan, -ing bilan, lekin got siz.

Hayotiy vaziyatlarda

Kundalik tartib

I get up at 6:30 and have a shower. Then I have breakfast with my family – usually eggs, bread and tea. At work I have a break at 11 and have a coffee with my colleagues. We have lunch at 1. In the evening I have dinner at 7 and then I have a rest. On Fridays my friends and I have a chat in a café. We always have fun!

Telefon suhbati

• — Hi, Mum! Can I call you back? I’m having lunch with my friends.— Salom, oyi! Keyinroq qo‘ng‘iroq qilsam bo‘ladimi? Do‘stlarim bilan tushlik qilyapman.
• — Of course. Are you having a good time?— Albatta. Vaqting yaxshi o‘tyaptimi?
• — Yes, we’re having a great time!— Ha, juda maza qilyapmiz!
• — Good. Don’t forget, we’re having guests tonight.— Yaxshi. Unutma, bugun kechqurun mehmonlarimiz bor.
• — I won’t. See you at seven.— Unutmayman. Soat yettida ko‘rishamiz.
• — Have fun!— Maza qil!

Kichik matn: “Shanba kuni”

Saturday is my favourite day. I wake up late and have a shower. Then I have breakfast with my family — usually eggs, bread and green tea. In the afternoon I meet my friends and we have a walk in the park. Sometimes we have a picnic if the weather is nice. Last Saturday we had a party for my sister’s birthday. Everyone had a great time. In the evening I have a rest and read a book. Before bed, my mum always says, “Have a good sleep!”

Matnda harakat ma’nosidagi barcha have iboralarni toping. Qaysilarini take bilan almashtirish mumkin?

O‘zingizni tekshiring

1. I ___ breakfast at 7. → have
2. She can’t talk now. She ___ a shower. → ’s having
3. ___ you ___ a good time yesterday? → Did / have
4. Tuzating: Have you dinner at 8? → Do you have dinner at 8?
5. “Maza qiling!” → Have fun!
6. Hozir dush qabul qilyapman. → I’m having a shower now.
7. Kuningiz yaxshi o‘tsin! → Have a nice day!
8. Vaqting yaxshi o‘tyaptimi? → Are you having a good time?
9. Men daryoning rasmini oldim. → I took a photo of the river.

Qisqa xulosa

• have = bor (egalik) yoki harakat (yemoq, qilmoq, o‘tkazmoq).
• Ovqat: have breakfast / lunch / dinner (artiklsiz).
• Kundalik: have a shower / a rest / a break.
• Vaqt: have fun / a good time / a party.
• Savol va inkor: do / does / did bilan.
• -ing mumkin: I’m having lunch. got — mumkin emas.