When and While — Past Continuous yoki Past Simple?

Oddiy qilib aytganda

O‘tmishdagi voqeani aytib berishda ko‘pincha ikki zamon birga keladi:

Past Continuous (was/were + -ing) — fon, davom etib turgan jarayon: I was cooking...
Past Simple — shu jarayonni bo‘lgan qisqa voqea: ...when the phone rang.

Ularni when (...ganda) va while (...ayotganda) bog‘laydi.

when + qisqa voqeaI was cooking when the phone rang.

while + uzoq jarayonThe phone rang while I was cooking.

Ikki jarayonWhile I was cooking, my husband was watching TV.

Ketma-ket voqealarWhen he arrived, we had dinner.

I was sleeping when you called.Siz qo‘ng‘iroq qilganingizda uxlayotgan edim.
While we were walking, it started to rain.Biz yurib ketayotganimizda yomg‘ir boshlandi.
She broke her leg while she was skiing.U chang‘i uchayotganda oyog‘ini sindirib oldi.
When I saw him, I smiled.Uni ko‘rganimda jilmaydim.

Bu darsda siz quyidagilarni o‘rganasiz:

Uzoq jarayon + qisqa voqea.
when va while ning farqi.
Bir vaqtda kechgan ikki jarayon.
when + Past Simple — ketma-ket voqealar.
Vergul qoidasi.

Uzoq jarayon va qisqa voqea

Rasmni tasavvur qiling: uzun chiziq — davom etayotgan ish (Past Continuous), uni qisqa chiziq kesib o‘tadi (Past Simple).

Fon (Past Continuous)	Voqea (Past Simple)
I was having a shower	when the doorbell rang.
We were watching TV	when the lights went out.
He was driving home	when he saw the accident.

when va while

when	while
ko‘pincha qisqa voqea oldidan	ko‘pincha uzoq jarayon oldidan
... when + Past Simple	while + Past Continuous
I was reading when she came.	She came while I was reading.

I was waiting for the bus when I met Ali.Avtobus kutayotganimda Alini uchratdim.
I met Ali while I was waiting for the bus.Avtobus kutayotganimda Alini uchratdim.

Ikkala gap bir xil ma’noda — faqat qaysi qismga bog‘lovchi qo‘yilgani farq qiladi.

Ikki jarayon birga

Ikkala ish bir vaqtda davom etgan bo‘lsa — ikkalasi ham Past Continuous, odatda while bilan:

While I was studying, my sister was playing games.Men dars qilayotganimda singlim o‘yin o‘ynayotgan edi.
While Mum was cooking, Dad was cleaning the car.Onam ovqat pishirayotganda dadam mashina yuvayotgan edi.

when + Past Simple: ketma-ket

Agar ikkala ish ham qisqa va biri ikkinchisidan keyin bo‘lgan bo‘lsa — ikkalasi ham Past Simple:

Ketma-ket (ikkalasi Simple)	Bir vaqtda (Continuous + Simple)
When she came, we started dinner. (u keldi → keyin boshladik)	When she came, we were having dinner. (u kelganda biz allaqachon ovqatlanayotgan edik)

Vergul

Bog‘lovchi gap boshida bo‘lsa — vergul qo‘yiladi. O‘rtada bo‘lsa — vergul shart emas.

BoshidaWhen the phone rang, I was sleeping.

O‘rtadaI was sleeping when the phone rang.

as — while ning sinonimi

as ham “...ayotganda” ma’nosida ishlatiladi. U while dan biroz adabiyroq va ko‘pincha ikki harakat bir vaqtda rivojlanayotganini bildiradi:

As I was walking home, it started to rain.Uyga ketayotganimda yomg‘ir yog‘a boshladi.
As she opened the door, the phone rang.U eshikni ochayotganida telefon jiringladi.
As the sun went down, it got colder.Quyosh botgan sari havo sovib bordi.

Oxirgi misolda as “...gan sari” degan ma’noni beradi — ikki o‘zgarish birga sodir bo‘ladi.

when + bolalik va yosh

when o‘tmishdagi davr, ayniqsa yosh haqida ham ishlatiladi. Bunda while ishlatilmaydi:

When I was a child, I lived in Fergana.Bolaligimda Farg‘onada yashardim.
When she was 18, she moved to Tashkent.U 18 yoshida Toshkentga ko‘chdi.
I learnt to swim when I was six.Olti yoshimda suzishni o‘rgandim.

While I was a child — mumkin, lekin when ancha tabiiyroq.

Kelajak haqida: when + Present Simple

when kelajak haqida gapirganda ham ishlatiladi, lekin undan keyin will qo‘yilmaydi:

To‘g‘riI’ll call you when I get home.

XatoI’ll call you when I will get home.

When you see Aziz, tell him to call me.Azizni ko‘rganingda, menga qo‘ng‘iroq qilsin deb ayt.
I’ll be happy when the exams finish.Imtihonlar tugaganda xursand bo‘laman.
While you wait, you can have a coffee.Kutayotganingizda qahva ichishingiz mumkin.

Batafsil — B2 darajasidagi “Murakkab payt bog‘lovchilari” darsida.

Uzilgan harakat va o‘z vaqtida tugagan harakat

Taqqoslang — zamonlar ma’noni o‘zgartiradi:

Gap	Ma’nosi
When I arrived, she was cooking.	Men kelganimda u ovqat qilayotgan edi (jarayon davom etyapti).
When I arrived, she cooked dinner.	Men kelganimdan keyin u ovqat qildi (ketma-ket).
When I arrived, she had cooked dinner.	Men kelganimda u ovqatni pishirib bo‘lgan edi (oldin tugagan).

Bosqichma-bosqich

Qaysi ish uzoq davom etgan (fon)? → Past Continuous.
Qaysi ish qisqa, uni “kesgan”? → Past Simple.
Bog‘lovchi: qisqa voqea oldidan when, uzoq jarayon oldidan while.

Misol: “Men ishga ketayotganimda mashina buzildi.”

Uzoq: ishga ketish → was driving.
Qisqa: buzildi → broke down.
Uzoq jarayon oldidan → while.

NatijaThe car broke down while I was driving to work.

Misol: “U kirganda hamma kulayotgan edi.”

Qisqa: kirdi → came in. Uzoq: kulish → were laughing.

NatijaWhen he came in, everyone was laughing.

Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar

✗ ~~I was sleeping when you were calling.~~

✓ I was sleeping when you called.

Qisqa voqea — Past Simple.

✗ ~~While I cooked, the phone was ringing.~~

✓ While I was cooking, the phone rang.

Fon — Continuous, voqea — Simple.

✗ ~~When I was arriving, they left.~~

✓ When I arrived, they left / had left.

Qisqa voqealar — Simple.

✗ ~~While she came, I was reading.~~

✓ When she came, I was reading.

Qisqa voqea oldidan — when.

✗ ~~I was knowing the answer when...~~

✓ I knew the answer when...

know — holat fe’li.

✗ ~~When the phone rang I was sleeping.~~

✓ When the phone rang, I was sleeping.

Boshida — vergul.

✗ ~~While I was a child, I lived in Fergana. (noqulay)~~

✓ When I was a child, I lived in Fergana.

Yosh, davr — when.

✗ ~~I’ll call you when I will arrive.~~

✓ I’ll call you when I arrive.

when + Present Simple.

✗ ~~While the phone rang, I was sleeping.~~

✓ When the phone rang, I was sleeping.

Qisqa voqea — when.

✗ ~~As I was walk home, I saw him.~~

✓ As I was walking home, I saw him.

was + -ing.

✗ ~~When I arrived, she cooks.~~

✓ When I arrived, she was cooking.

Zamon moslashuvi.

Eslab qoling: uzoq fon — was/were + -ing, qisqa voqea — Past Simple. while + uzoq, when + qisqa.

Hayotiy vaziyatlarda

Kulgili voqea

Last summer I was walking in the park when I saw a famous singer. He was sitting on a bench and eating an ice cream. While I was taking a photo, a dog ran up to him and stole his ice cream! Everybody was laughing. When he saw me, he laughed too and said: “Don’t post that photo!”

Do‘stga hikoya

— You won’t believe what happened! While I was waiting for the bus, a dog ran up to me.— Ishonmaysan! Avtobus kutayotganimda bir it yonimga yugurib keldi.
— Was it dangerous?— Xavflimidi?
— No! As I was trying to stroke it, it grabbed my sandwich and ran away!— Yo‘q! Uni silamoqchi bo‘lib turganimda, sendvichimni olib qochib ketdi!
— Ha-ha! What did you do?— Ha-ha! Nima qilding?
— When the bus came, I got on — hungry!— Avtobus kelganda unga chiqdim — och holda!

Kichik matn: “Uzilgan kecha”

Last Friday evening I was at home. My husband was cooking dinner, and I was reading a book. The children were playing in their room. Suddenly, while we were sitting quietly, all the lights went out. When I looked out of the window, the whole street was dark. As we were looking for candles, my son shouted, “I’m scared!” We found some candles and had dinner by candlelight. When the lights came back an hour later, the children were disappointed — they loved the “candle party”!

Matndagi when, while va as ni toping. Qaysi gaplarda uzoq jarayon qisqa voqea bilan uzilgan?

O‘zingizni tekshiring

I ___ (read) when the lights ___ (go) out. → was reading / went
While we ___ (have) lunch, it ___ (start) to rain. → were having / started
She ___ (cut) her finger while she ___ (cook). → cut / was cooking
While I ___ (study), my brother ___ (listen) to music. → was studying / was listening
When he ___ (arrive), we ___ (open) the presents. (ketma-ket) → arrived / opened
Uyga ketayotganimda uni ko‘rdim. (as) → As I was walking home, I saw him.
Bolaligimda qishloqda yashardim. → When I was a child, I lived in a village.
Uyga kelganimda senga qo‘ng‘iroq qilaman. → I’ll call you when I get home.
Men kelganimda u ovqatni pishirib bo‘lgan edi. → When I arrived, she had cooked dinner.

Qisqa xulosa

Past Continuous — uzoq fon jarayon; Past Simple — uni kesgan qisqa voqea.
when — ko‘pincha qisqa voqea oldidan; while — uzoq jarayon oldidan.
Ikki jarayon bir vaqtda — ikkalasi ham Past Continuous (while bilan).
Ketma-ket qisqa voqealar — ikkalasi ham Past Simple (when bilan).
Bog‘lovchi gap boshida bo‘lsa — vergul.