Questions with Prepositions
Predlog bilan tugaydigan savollar
Bu darsda
- Oddiy qilib aytganda
- Predlog oxirida
- Ko‘p ishlatiladigan juftliklar
- What ... for?
- What ... like?
- Rasmiy uslub
- Qisqa savollar
- Fe’l + predlog: so‘roq so‘zi bilan
- Joy va yo‘nalish savollari
- Ega va predlogli savollar
- Bosqichma-bosqich
- Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar
- Hayotiy vaziyatlarda
- O‘zingizni tekshiring
- Qisqa xulosa
Oddiy qilib aytganda
O‘zbekchada “Kim bilan borasan?”, “Nima haqida gaplashdingiz?” deymiz — qo‘shimcha so‘roq so‘ziga birikadi. Inglizchada esa savolda predlog odatda gap oxirida qoladi:
Who are you going with? (Kim bilan borasan?) What did you talk about? (Nima haqida gaplashdingiz?)
Bu inglizcha uchun mutlaqo normal va so‘zlashuvda eng tabiiy shakl.
- Where are you from?Qayerdansiz?
- Who are you talking to?Kim bilan gaplashyapsiz?
- What are you looking at?Nimaga qarayapsiz?
- What is this book about?Bu kitob nima haqida?
Bu darsda siz quyidagilarni o‘rganasiz:
- Predlog gap oxirida — oddiy savollar.
- Fe’l + predlog birikmalari (wait for, listen to).
- What ... for? = Why?
- What ... like? — tasvir so‘rash.
- Rasmiy uslub: With whom...?
- Qisqa savollar: Who with? Where to?
Predlog oxirida
Fe’l va predlog ajralmas juftlik bo‘lsa, predlog savolda oxirga o‘tadi:
| Darak gap | Savol |
|---|---|
| I’m waiting for Ali. | Who are you waiting for? |
| She’s listening to music. | What is she listening to? |
| We talked about the film. | What did you talk about? |
| He works for a bank. | Who does he work for? |
| I live with my parents. | Who do you live with? |
Ko‘p ishlatiladigan juftliklar
What ... for?
What ... for? — “Nima uchun? Nega?” (Why? ning og‘zaki shakli):
- What did you do that for?Buni nega qilding?
- What’s this button for?Bu tugma nima uchun?
- — I’m going to the bank. — What for?— Bankka ketyapman. — Nimaga?
What ... like?
What is ... like? — “qanaqa? qanday?” — tasvir yoki xususiyatni so‘raydi (like bu yerda “yoqtirmoq” emas!):
- What’s your new teacher like? — She’s very kind.Yangi o‘qituvchingiz qanaqa? — Juda mehribon.
- What was the weather like? — Sunny.Havo qanday edi? — Quyoshli.
- What’s Samarkand like?Samarqand qanaqa shahar?
Diqqat: What does she like? — “U nimani yoqtiradi?” — boshqa savol!
Rasmiy uslub
Juda rasmiy yozuvda predlog boshida turishi mumkin. Unda who o‘rniga whom:
| Og‘zaki (tabiiy) | Rasmiy |
|---|---|
| Who did you speak to? | To whom did you speak? |
| What is it made of? | Of what is it made? (kam) |
Kundalik nutqda rasmiy shakl g‘alati eshitiladi.
Qisqa savollar
So‘zlashuvda faqat so‘roq so‘zi + predlog:
- — I’m going out. — Who with?— Tashqariga chiqyapman. — Kim bilan?
- — I bought a ticket. — Where to?— Chipta oldim. — Qayerga?
- — I got a letter. — Who from?— Xat oldim. — Kimdan?
Fe’l + predlog: so‘roq so‘zi bilan
Ko‘p fe’llar muayyan predlog bilan keladi. Savolda o‘sha predlog oxirga o‘tadi:
| Fe’l + predlog | Savol | Tarjima |
|---|---|---|
| wait for | Who are you waiting for? | Kimni kutyapsan? |
| look for | What are you looking for? | Nima qidiryapsan? |
| think about | What are you thinking about? | Nima haqida o‘ylayapsan? |
| depend on | What does it depend on? | Bu nimaga bog‘liq? |
| belong to | Who does this belong to? | Bu kimga tegishli? |
| be afraid of | What are you afraid of? | Nimadan qo‘rqasan? |
| be interested in | What are you interested in? | Nimaga qiziqasan? |
| pay for | Who paid for dinner? | Kechki ovqatga kim to‘ladi? |
- What are you so worried about?Nimadan bunchalik xavotirdasan?
- Who did you go on holiday with?Ta’tilga kim bilan bording?
- Which company does she work for?U qaysi kompaniyada ishlaydi?
- What are you looking at?Nimaga qarayapsan?
Joy va yo‘nalish savollari
Where bilan predlog odatda kerak emas, lekin from istisno:
- Where are you going? (to yo‘q)Qayerga ketyapsan?
- Where do you live? (in yo‘q)Qayerda yashaysan?
- Where are you from? (from kerak)Qayerdansiz?
- Where did you get it from?Uni qayerdan olding?
Where are you going to? — so‘zlashuvda eshitiladi, lekin to ortiqcha. Where do you live in? — xato.
Ega va predlogli savollar
Ba’zan who gapning egasi bo‘lib, predlog bilan keladi:
- Who is this present for?Bu sovg‘a kimga?
- What is this machine used for?Bu mashina nima uchun ishlatiladi?
- What is the book about?Kitob nima haqida?
- Who is the letter from?Xat kimdan?
Bu savollarga javob: It’s for my mum. It’s used for cutting. It’s about a girl who... It’s from Aziz.
Bosqichma-bosqich
- Darak gapdagi fe’l + predlogni toping: wait for.
- Savol so‘zini qo‘ying (Who / What / Where) va oddiy savol tartibini tuzing.
- Predlogni oxirida qoldiring.
Misol: “Kimni kutyapsiz?”
- wait for someone. Savol: Who are you waiting...?
Misol: “Yangi kvartirangiz qanaqa?”
Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar
Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar
✗ Where are you? (qayerdansiz ma’nosida)
✓ Where are you from?
from tushib qolmasin.
✗ Who are you waiting?
✓ Who are you waiting for?
wait for.
✗ What are you looking?
✓ What are you looking at?
look at.
✗ With who are you going?
✓ Who are you going with?
Og‘zakida — predlog oxirida.
✗ What is the weather? (qanday ma’nosida)
✓ What is the weather like?
Tasvir — like.
✗ Who this bag belongs to?
✓ Who does this bag belong to?
Savol tartibi.
✗ What’s she like? (yoqtirish ma’nosida)
✓ What does she like?
Yoqtirish — does + like.
✗ Where do you live in?
✓ Where do you live?
where — in yo‘q.
✗ Where are you? (millat so‘rash)
✓ Where are you from?
from kerak.
✗ Who are you waiting?
✓ Who are you waiting for?
wait for.
✗ What is the book? (mazmuni)
✓ What is the book about?
about kerak.
✗ For what are you looking? (so‘zlashuv)
✓ What are you looking for?
Predlog oxirida.
Eslab qoling: inglizcha savolda predlog oxirida qoladi: Who are you waiting for? What ... like? — qanaqa?
Hayotiy vaziyatlarda
Yangi hamkasb haqida
- — Who were you talking to this morning?— Bugun ertalab kim bilan gaplashding?
- — That’s Rustam, our new designer.— Bu Rustam, yangi dizaynerimiz.
- — Oh! Where is he from?— Voy! U qayerdan?
- — From Andijan.— Andijondan.
- — What’s he like?— U qanaqa odam?
- — Very friendly. We talked about football for an hour!— Juda do‘stona. Bir soat futbol haqida gaplashdik!
- — What did you talk about after that?— Undan keyin nima haqida gaplashdinglar?
- — Work, of course!— Ish haqida, albatta!
Kitob do‘konida
- — Can I help you? What are you looking for?— Yordam beraymi? Nima qidiryapsiz?
- — A present. It’s for my nephew.— Sovg‘a. Jiyanimga.
- — How old is he? What is he interested in?— U necha yoshda? Nimaga qiziqadi?
- — He’s ten. He loves space.— O‘n yoshda. Kosmosni yaxshi ko‘radi.
- — How about this book? It’s about the planets.— Bu kitob-chi? Sayyoralar haqida.
- — Perfect! Who is it written by?— Zo‘r! Kim tomonidan yozilgan?
- — A famous scientist.— Mashhur olim.
Kichik matn: “Ko‘p savol beradigan qizim”
My daughter is five, and she asks questions all day. “Mum, what are you doing that for?” “Who are you talking to?” “What is this book about?” “Where does the rain come from?” Yesterday she found an old photo. “Who is this man with?” she asked. “That’s your grandfather with his brother.” “What were they laughing at?” I didn’t know! Finally she asked, “What are you thinking about now?” I said, “About how many questions you ask!”
Matndagi savollarni toping. Har biridagi predlog qaysi fe’l bilan bog‘langan?
O‘zingizni tekshiring
- Where do you come ___? → from
- What are you thinking ___? → about
- Who does this phone belong ___? → to
- What’s your city ___? (qanaqa) → like
- — I’m going to the cinema. — Who ___? → with
- Tuzating: Who are you listening? → Who are you listening to?
- Kimni kutyapsan? → Who are you waiting for?
- Qayerdasiz? (millat) → Where are you from?
- Kitob nima haqida? → What is the book about?
- Bu sovg‘a kimga? → Who is this present for?
Qisqa xulosa
- Savolda predlog oxirida qoladi: Where are you from? Who are you waiting for?
- Fe’l + predlog juftliklari: wait for, listen to, look at, talk about, belong to.
- What ... for? = Why? — nega, nima uchun.
- What ... like? — qanaqa? (xususiyat).
- Rasmiy: To whom...? — kundalik nutqda kam.
- Qisqa savollar: Who with? Where to? Who from?