Might as well, May well

Oddiy qilib aytganda

Modal fe’llar (might, may, could, would) ba’zi so‘zlar bilan birikib, o‘ziga xos ma’noli tayyor iboralar hosil qiladi. Bu iboralarni yaxlit yodlash kerak, chunki ularning ma’nosini alohida so‘zlardan taxmin qilib bo‘lmaydi:

• might as well + fe’l — “...sa ham bo‘laveradi”, “boshqa yaxshiroq variant yo‘q”: We might as well go home.
• may well + fe’l — “ehtimoli katta”: It may well rain tomorrow.
• could do with + ot — “...ga ehtiyojim bor”, “...bo‘lsa yomon bo‘lmasdi”: I could do with a coffee.
• would sooner / would rather + fe’l — “...ni afzal ko‘raman”: I’d sooner walk than take the bus.
• may / might (just) as well — boshqa variant yo‘q.

Bu iboralar so‘zlashuvda juda keng tarqalgan va nutqni tabiiy, ona tili sohibiga xos qiladi.

O‘zbek tilida bu ma’nolar “...qolaqolay”, “...sa ham bo‘ladi”, “...ishi ehtimoldan holi emas”, “...ga juda muhtojman”, “...gandan ko‘ra ...ni afzal ko‘raman” kabi iboralar bilan beriladi.

Bu darsda siz quyidagilarni o‘rganasiz:

1. might as well — boshqa variant yo‘q.
2. might as well have + V3 — o‘tmishda befoyda ish.
3. may well va might well — kuchli ehtimol.
4. could do with — ehtiyoj va istak.
5. would sooner va would rather — afzal ko‘rish.
6. Boshqa iboralar: might have known, can’t help, could hardly.

might as well — boshqa variant yo‘q

might as well + fe’l — “qila qolaylik”, “...sa ham bo‘laveradi”. Gapiruvchi bu harakat eng yaxshi emas, lekin boshqa yaxshiroq variant yo‘q deb hisoblaydi. may as well ham xuddi shu ma’no.

• The bus isn’t coming. We might as well walk.Avtobus kelmayapti. Piyoda keta qolaylik.
• There’s nothing on TV. I may as well go to bed.Televizorda hech narsa yo‘q. Yota qolay.
• We’ve missed the start of the film, so we might as well go home.Filmning boshini o‘tkazib yubordik, uyga keta qolaylik.
• — Shall we wait for Aziz? — He’s always late. We might as well start without him.— Azizni kutamizmi? — U doim kechikadi. Usiz boshlay qolaylik.
• If you’re going to the shop anyway, you might as well buy some bread.Baribir do‘konga ketayotgan bo‘lsang, non ham ola qol.

might just as well — biroz kuchliroq: We might just as well give up.

might as well — kinoyali solishtirish

Ba’zan might as well kinoya bilan ishlatiladi: “xuddi ...ga o‘xshaydi”:

• Talking to him is useless. I might as well talk to a wall.U bilan gaplashish befoyda. Devorga gapirganim bilan barobar.
• This map is so old, we might as well not have one.Bu xarita shunchalik eskiki, umuman yo‘qligi bilan barobar.

might as well have + V3 — o‘tmishda befoyda ish

O‘tmishdagi harakat befoyda bo‘lganini aytish uchun might as well have + V3:

• The film was so boring — I might as well have stayed at home.Film shunchalik zerikarli ediki, uyda qolganim ma’qul ekan.
• Nobody read my report. I might as well not have written it.Hisobotimni hech kim o‘qimadi. Yozmasam ham bo‘larkan.
• We waited two hours for nothing. We might as well have gone shopping.Ikki soat behuda kutdik. Xarid qilgani borganimiz ma’qul ekan.

may well va might well — kuchli ehtimol

may well / might well + fe’l — “ehtimoli katta”, “juda mumkin”. Bu may / might dan kuchliroq ehtimol:

• It may well rain this afternoon — take an umbrella.Tushdan keyin yomg‘ir yog‘ishi ehtimoli katta — soyabon ol.
• She might well be the best candidate for the job.U, ehtimol, bu ish uchun eng yaxshi nomzoddir.
• You may well be right, but I still disagree.Siz haq bo‘lishingiz ehtimoldan holi emas, lekin men baribir rozi emasman.
• Prices could well rise again next year.Kelasi yili narxlar yana oshishi juda mumkin.

may well — “tushunarli”

may well + savol so‘zi — “...ish tabiiy, tushunarli”:

• You may well ask!Bu savolni berishingiz tabiiy! (javob qiziq yoki murakkab)
• — Why is he so angry? — You may well wonder.— Nega u bunchalik jahldor? — Hayron bo‘lsangiz arziydi.

may / might well + perfect

O‘tmish haqida kuchli taxmin:

• He may well have missed the train.U poyezddan qolgan bo‘lishi ehtimoldan holi emas.

could do with — ehtiyoj va istak

could do with + ot — “...ga ehtiyojim bor”, “...bo‘lsa yaxshi bo‘lardi”. Bu I need yoki I want ning yumshoqroq, muloyimroq varianti.

• I could do with a cup of coffee.Bir chashka qahva ichsam yomon bo‘lmasdi.
• You look tired — you could do with a holiday.Charchagan ko‘rinasan — senga ta’til kerak.
• This room could do with a good clean.Bu xonani yaxshilab tozalash kerak.
• I could do with some help, if you’re not busy.Band bo‘lmasangiz, biroz yordam kerak edi.
• The car could do with new tyres.Mashinaga yangi shina kerak.

could use — Amerika inglizchasidagi sinonim: I could use a coffee.

Diqqat: could do with dan keyin ot keladi (could do with a coffee), fe’l emas.

would sooner va would rather — afzal ko‘rish

would sooner va would rather + fe’l — “...ni afzal ko‘raman”. Ma’nosi bir xil, sooner biroz britancha va eskirgan.

• I’d sooner stay at home than go to that party.O‘sha ziyofatga borgandan ko‘ra uyda qolganim afzal.
• I’d rather have tea, please.Choy ichganim afzal, iltimos.
• She’d sooner die than apologise!U kechirim so‘ragandan ko‘ra o‘lishni afzal ko‘radi!
• I’d rather you didn’t tell anyone.Hech kimga aytmasangiz edi.

Diqqat: would rather / sooner dan keyin to qo‘yilmaydi: I’d rather to stay — xato. Boshqa ega bilan — o‘tgan zamon: I’d rather you went (hozirgi / kelajak ma’nosida). Batafsil — “Would rather” darsida.

Boshqa foydali modal iboralar

• — She forgot my birthday again. — I might have known!— U yana tug‘ilgan kunimni unutdi. — Shunday bo‘lishini bilsam bo‘lardi!
• I can’t help thinking about the exam.Imtihon haqida o‘ylamasdan iloj yo‘q.
• I could hardly hear him.Uni zo‘rg‘a eshitdim.
• I can’t be bothered to go out tonight.Bugun kechqurun ko‘chaga chiqishga erinaman.
• You might have called me!Hech bo‘lmasa qo‘ng‘iroq qilsang bo‘lardi-ku! (tanqid)

Bosqichma-bosqich

1. Boshqa yaxshiroq variant yo‘qmi? → might / may as well + fe’l.
2. O‘tmishda befoyda ish bo‘ldimi? → might as well have + V3.
3. Kuchli ehtimolmi? → may / might / could well + fe’l.
4. Muloyim ehtiyojmi? → could do with + ot.
5. Afzal ko‘rishmi? → would sooner / rather + fe’l (+ than).

Misol: “Kech bo‘ldi, ketaqolaylik.”

1. Boshqa variant yo‘q → might as well.

Misol: “Bir chashka choy ichsam yomon bo‘lmasdi.”

1. Muloyim ehtiyoj → could do with + ot.

Misol: “U haq bo‘lishi ehtimoldan holi emas.”

1. Kuchli ehtimol → may well.

Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar

Eslab qoling: might as well go (boshqa variant yo‘q); may well rain (ehtimol katta); could do with a coffee (ehtiyoj); I’d sooner / rather walk (afzal); hammasidan keyin to yo‘q.

Hayotiy vaziyatlarda

Kechikkan poyezd

• — The train’s been delayed by two hours.— Poyezd ikki soatga kechikdi.
• — Two hours? We might as well go and get something to eat.— Ikki soat? Biror narsa yeb kela qolaylik.
• — Good idea. I could do with a coffee anyway.— Yaxshi fikr. Baribir bir chashka qahva ichsam yomon bo‘lmasdi.
• — It may well be delayed even more, you know.— Bilasanmi, u yana ham kechikishi ehtimoldan holi emas.
• — I might have known! This always happens to us.— Shunday bo‘lishini bilsam bo‘lardi! Bu doim biz bilan bo‘ladi.
• — Next time I’d sooner take the bus.— Keyingi safar avtobusga o‘tirganim afzal.

Ishda

• — Are you going to the meeting?— Yig‘ilishga borasanmi?
• — I suppose so. It may well be useful this time.— Shekilli. Bu safar foydali bo‘lishi ehtimoli bor.
• — Last week’s was a waste of time. We might as well have stayed at our desks.— O‘tgan haftadagisi vaqtni behuda sarflash edi. Stollarimizda qolganimiz ma’qul ekan.
• — True. Honestly, I could do with a day off.— To‘g‘ri. Rostini aytsam, bir kun dam olishga muhtojman.

Kichik matn: “Yomg‘irli shanba”

Last Saturday we planned a picnic in the mountains, but when we woke up, it was pouring with rain. “It may well stop by lunchtime,” my father said hopefully. But by twelve it was raining even harder. “We might as well stay at home,” my mother sighed. I was disappointed — I could really do with some fresh air after a long week. My brother said he’d sooner go to the cinema than sit at home all day, so in the end we all went to see a film. It was terrible! “We might as well have stayed at home,” we all laughed on the way back.

Matndagi barcha modal iboralarni toping va ularning ma’nosini o‘zbekchaga tarjima qiling.

O‘zingizni tekshiring

1. Avtobus kelmayapti, piyoda keta qolaylik. → The bus isn’t coming. We might as well walk.
2. Ertaga qor yog‘ishi ehtimoli katta. → It may well snow tomorrow.
3. Bir chashka qahva ichsam yomon bo‘lmasdi. → I could do with a cup of coffee.
4. Avtobusga o‘tirgandan ko‘ra piyoda yurganim afzal. → I’d sooner walk than take the bus.
5. Film zerikarli edi — uyda qolganim ma’qul ekan. → The film was boring — I might as well have stayed at home.
6. Kulmasdan iloj yo‘q. → I can’t help laughing.
7. U yana kechikdi! Shunday bo‘lishini bilsam bo‘lardi! → He’s late again! I might have known!

Hammasi to‘g‘ri bo‘lsa, mavzu bo‘yicha testni topshiring.

Qisqa xulosa

• might / may as well + fe’l — boshqa yaxshiroq variant yo‘q; kinoya: I might as well talk to a wall.
• might as well have + V3 — o‘tmishdagi befoyda ish.
• may / might / could well + fe’l — kuchli ehtimol.
• could do with + ot — muloyim ehtiyoj.
• would sooner / rather + fe’l (than ...); boshqa ega bilan — o‘tgan zamon.
• I might have known, can’t help + -ing, could hardly, can’t be bothered to.
• Barcha modal iboralardan keyin to yo‘q (can’t be bothered to bundan mustasno).