One and Ones

Oddiy qilib aytganda

O‘zbekchada otni takrorlamaslik uchun “-i, -si” qo‘shimchasini ishlatamiz: “Qizil ko‘ylakni olasizmi? — Yo‘q, ko‘kini.” Inglizchada buning uchun one (birlik) va ones (ko‘plik) ishlatiladi:

— Do you want the red shirt? — No, the blue one.

• I don’t like this hat. I prefer that one.Bu shapka yoqmadi. Anavi yoqdi.
• — Which shoes? — The black ones.— Qaysi poyabzal? — Qoralari.
• My phone is old. I need a new one.Telefonim eski. Yangisi kerak.
• These apples are better than those ones.Bu olmalar anavilaridan yaxshiroq.

Bu darsda siz quyidagilarni o‘rganasiz:

1. one — birlik otni almashtirish.
2. ones — ko‘plik otni almashtirish.
3. a ... one va the ... one.
4. Which one? Which ones?
5. one ishlatilmaydigan holatlar (sanalmaydigan otlar).
6. one va it farqi.

one — birlik

one — sanaladigan birlik otni almashtiradi. Odatda sifat yoki this/that/which bilan keladi:

• — Which cake do you want? — The chocolate one.— Qaysi tortni xohlaysiz? — Shokoladlisini.
• This room is too small. Have you got a bigger one?Bu xona juda kichik. Kattarog‘i bormi?
• I’ll take this one.Mana bunisini olaman.
• My car is the red one.Mening mashinam qizili.

a / an + sifat + one: I want a cheap one. — Arzonroq birini xohlayman.

ones — ko‘plik

• I like these glasses, but those ones are cheaper.Bu ko‘zoynaklar yoqdi, lekin anavilar arzonroq.
• — Which books are yours? — The new ones.— Qaysi kitoblar sizniki? — Yangilari.
• Small apples are often sweeter than big ones.Kichik olmalar ko‘pincha kattalaridan shirinroq.

Diqqat: these / those bilan ones ixtiyoriy: I like these. = I like these ones. Ikkalasi ham to‘g‘ri.

Which one? Which ones?

• — Can you pass me a pen? — Which one?— Ruchkani uzatib yuborasizmi? — Qaysi birini?
• — I love those earrings. — Which ones?— Anavi sirg‘alar juda yoqdi. — Qaysilari?

one ishlatilmaydi

Sanalmaydigan otlar bilan

one faqat sanaladigan otlar uchun. Sanalmaydigan otlarda — otsiz sifat yoki some:

Egalikdan keyin

Egalik olmoshidan keyin one emas, mine, yours ishlatiladi:

Sifat yoki aniqlovchisiz

a one degan ibora yo‘q. Sifat bo‘lmasa — one yolg‘iz:

• — Have you got a pen? — Yes, I’ve got one.— Ruchkangiz bormi? — Ha, bitta bor.

one yoki it?

the one / the ones + aniqlovchi

the one / the ones ko‘pincha aniqlovchi ibora bilan keladi — qaysi biri ekanini aniqlashtirish uchun:

• — Which bag is yours? — The one on the table.— Qaysi sumka seniki? — Stol ustidagisi.
• I like the one with the red flowers.Qizil gulli bittasini yoqtiraman.
• Is she the one who won the prize?Sovrinni yutgan qiz u-mi?
• These aren’t my keys. Mine are the ones in the drawer.Bular mening kalitlarim emas. Meniki tortmadagilar.
• The best films are the ones that make you think.Eng yaxshi filmlar — o‘ylantiradiganlari.

Sifat bilan: a big one, the new ones

one / ones dan oldin sifat kelsa, artikl ham kerak bo‘ladi:

• My phone is old. I need a new one.Telefonim eski. Menga yangisi kerak.
• These apples are green. Do you have any red ones?Bu olmalar yashil. Qizillari bormi?
• Which T-shirt do you want — the white one or the black one?Qaysi futbolkani xohlaysiz — oqinimi yoki qorasinimi?

each one, every one, another one

one bir qator aniqlovchilar bilan ham ishlatiladi:

• I’ve read every one of his books.Men uning har bir kitobini o‘qiganman.
• Each one of the students got a prize.Talabalarning har biri sovrin oldi.
• This cake is delicious. Can I have another one?Bu tort juda mazali. Yana bittasini olsam bo‘ladimi?
• I don’t like this one. Show me a different one.Bu menga yoqmadi. Boshqasini ko‘rsating.
• Neither one fits me.Hech biri menga to‘g‘ri kelmaydi.

every one (har biri) va everyone (hamma odamlar) — boshqa so‘zlar!

Bosqichma-bosqich

1. Ot takrorlanyaptimi? → one / ones bilan almashtiring.
2. Birlik → one; ko‘plik → ones.
3. Sanalmaydigan ot bo‘lsa → one ishlatmang.
4. Aynan o‘sha narsa bo‘lsa → it / them.

Misol: “Bu ko‘ylak kichik. Kattarog‘i bormi?”

1. shirt — sanaladigan, birlik → one.

Misol: “Qaysi poyabzal sizniki? — Jigarranglari.”

Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar

Eslab qoling: one — birlik, ones — ko‘plik. Faqat sanaladigan otlar uchun. Aynan o‘sha narsa — it.

Hayotiy vaziyatlarda

Kiyim do‘konida

• — Can I help you?— Yordam bera olamanmi?
• — Yes, I’m looking for a jacket.— Ha, kurtka qidiryapman.
• — What about this one?— Mana bunisi-chi?
• — It’s nice, but have you got a darker one?— Chiroyli, lekin to‘qroq rangdagisi bormi?
• — Yes, here’s a black one. And we have some new boots.— Ha, mana qorasi. Yangi etiklarimiz ham bor.
• — Which ones?— Qaysilari?
• — The brown ones in the window.— Vitrinadagi jigarranglari.

Mebel do‘konida

• — I’m looking for a sofa.— Divan qidiryapman.
• — What about this one? It’s very comfortable.— Bunisi-chi? Juda qulay.
• — It’s nice, but it’s too big. Do you have a smaller one?— Chiroyli, lekin juda katta. Kichikroqi bormi?
• — Yes, the one by the window.— Ha, deraza yonidagisi.
• — Oh, I like that. And do you have chairs to match?— Voy, yoqdi. Unga mos stullar bormi?
• — Yes, the grey ones over there.— Ha, ana u yerdagi kulranglari.
• — Perfect. I’ll take the sofa and four of those ones.— Zo‘r. Divanni va o‘shalardan to‘rttasini olaman.

Kichik matn: “Yangi telefon”

My old phone broke last week, so I needed a new one. I went to the shop and looked at all the phones. “Which one do you recommend?” I asked the assistant. “This one is very popular,” she said, “but the one next to it has a better camera.” I wanted a black one, but they only had white ones and blue ones. In the end I chose the blue one. It’s much better than my old one. My sister liked it so much that she bought one too — a white one!

Matndagi barcha one / ones ni toping va ular qaysi otni almashtirganini aniqlang.

O‘zingizni tekshiring

1. I don’t like this cup. Can I have that ___? → one
2. These shoes are too small. Have you got bigger ___? → ones
3. My laptop is broken. I need a new ___. → one
4. — I want that cake. — Which ___? → one
5. Tuzating: This is my one. → This is mine.
6. Menga yangisi kerak. (telefon) → I need a new one.
7. Stol ustidagisi meniki. → The one on the table is mine.
8. Yana bittasini olsam bo‘ladimi? → Can I have another one?
9. Qizillari bormi? (olma) → Do you have any red ones?

Qisqa xulosa

• one — sanaladigan birlik otni almashtiradi: the red one.
• ones — ko‘plik: the black ones.
• a + sifat + one: a new one. (a one — xato)
• Which one? Which ones?
• Sanalmaydigan otlar bilan va egalikdan keyin (mine) — one yo‘q.
• one — boshqa nusxa; it — aynan o‘sha narsa.