A Friend of Mine

Oddiy qilib aytganda

“Do‘stlarimdan biri” deyish uchun inglizchada maxsus tuzilma bor: a friend of mine. Bu yerda my emas, mine ishlatiladi.

Nega kerak? Chunki a my friend deb bo‘lmaydi — a va my birga kelmaydi. My friend esa “aniq bitta do‘stim” degani. a friend of mine — “bir do‘stim”, ko‘p do‘stlarimdan biri.

• A friend of mine lives in Seoul.Bir do‘stim Seulda yashaydi.
• Is she a cousin of yours?U sizning amakivachchangizmi?
• A colleague of my father’s helped us.Otamning bir hamkasbi bizga yordam berdi.
• That car of his is always dirty.Uning anavi mashinasi doim kir.

Bu darsda siz quyidagilarni o‘rganasiz:

1. a friend of mine — bir do‘stim.
2. Nega a my friend deb bo‘lmaydi.
3. Ism bilan: a friend of Ali’s.
4. this / that + ot + of mine — his-tuyg‘u bilan.
5. my friend va a friend of mine farqi.
6. one of my friends — o‘xshash tuzilma.

Nega mine?

Inglizchada artikl (a, the) va egalik so‘zi (my, your) otdan oldin birga kelmaydi:

Barcha shakllar

• A neighbour of ours is a doctor.Bir qo‘shnimiz shifokor.
• I met a student of hers yesterday.Kecha uning bir talabasini uchratdim.
• Are they friends of yours?Ular sizning do‘stlaringizmi?

Ism bilan

Ism yoki ot bilan of + ism + ’s ishlatiladi:

• a friend of Dilnoza’sDilnozaning bir dugonasi
• a cousin of my wife’sxotinimning bir amakivachchasi
• a book of my teacher’so‘qituvchimning bir kitobi

Og‘zaki nutqda ’s ba’zan tushib qoladi: a friend of Ali — bu ham tushunarli.

this / that + ot + of mine

this / that bilan bu tuzilma ko‘pincha his-tuyg‘u (g‘azab, mehr, hayrat) bildiradi:

• That dog of yours never stops barking!Sizning anavi itingiz hech tinmaydi!
• This son of mine is so clever!Mening bu o‘g‘lim juda aqlli!
• I love that smile of hers.Uning o‘sha tabassumini yaxshi ko‘raman.

my friend yoki a friend of mine?

one of my friends

O‘xshash ma’noli tuzilma — one of + my + ko‘plik ot:

• One of my friends works in London.Do‘stlarimdan biri Londonda ishlaydi.
• One of my brothers is a pilot.Akalarimdan biri uchuvchi.

Diqqat: one of my friend — xato. one of dan keyin ot ko‘plikda.

Ko‘plik va sanalmaydigan narsalar bilan

of mine tuzilmasi faqat a friend bilan emas — ko‘plik va some, two, any kabi so‘zlar bilan ham ishlatiladi:

• Some friends of mine are coming tonight.Bugun kechqurun bir nechta do‘stlarim keladi.
• Two cousins of hers live in London.Uning ikki amakivachchasi Londonda yashaydi.
• Is he any relation of yours?U sizga qarindosh bo‘ladimi?
• Those books of yours are on my desk.O‘sha kitoblaring mening stolimda.

Hissiy ohang: that ... of yours

this / that + ot + of yours ko‘pincha his-tuyg‘u — mehr yoki norozilik — bildiradi:

• That brother of yours is always late!O‘sha akang doim kechikadi-da! (norozilik)
• I love that smile of hers.Uning o‘sha tabassumini yaxshi ko‘raman. (mehr)
• This car of mine is always breaking down.Bu mashinam doim buzilib qoladi. (norozilik)
• How’s that new job of yours?Yangi ishing qalay? (qiziqish)

your brother — neytral; that brother of yours — ohangli.

’s bilan: a friend of my brother’s

Ism yoki ot bilan of + egalik ’s ishlatiladi:

• She’s a friend of my sister’s.U singlimning bir dugonasi.
• He’s a colleague of my father’s.U otamning hamkasblaridan biri.
• I met a cousin of Aziz’s at the party.Ziyofatda Azizning amakivachchalaridan biri bilan tanishdim.

So‘zlashuvda ’s ko‘pincha tushirib qoldiriladi: a friend of my sister — ham ishlatiladi, lekin a friend of my sister’s standartroq.

own — o‘z, o‘ziniki

my own / your own — “o‘zimning”, “o‘ziniki” — egalikni kuchaytiradi:

• I want my own business.O‘z biznesim bo‘lishini xohlayman.
• She has a room of her own.Uning o‘z xonasi bor.
• He lives on his own.U yolg‘iz yashaydi.
• I made this cake on my own.Bu tortni o‘zim (yordamsiz) pishirdim.

an own room — xato; my own room yoki a room of my own — to‘g‘ri.

Bosqichma-bosqich

1. “Bir ...im / ...ingiz” ma’nosimi? → a + ot + of + mine/yours...
2. Kimniki? Olmosh → mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs. Ism → Ali’s.
3. Yoki: one of + my + ko‘plik ot.

Misol: “Bir hamkasbim Turkiyadan.”

Misol: “Opamning bir dugonasi shifokor.”

Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar

Eslab qoling: a + ot + of + mine / yours / his / hers. Yoki one of my + ko‘plik ot.

Hayotiy vaziyatlarda

Yangi ish

• — How did you find this job?— Bu ishni qanday topdingiz?
• — A friend of mine works here. She told me about it.— Bir dugonam shu yerda ishlaydi. U menga aytdi.
• — Oh, really? Who?— Rostdanmi? Kim?
• — Madina. Do you know her?— Madina. Uni taniysizmi?
• — Yes! She’s a neighbour of ours!— Ha! U bizning qo‘shnimiz!
• — Small world! And her husband is one of my old classmates.— Dunyo kichik! Uning eri esa mening eski sinfdoshlarimdan biri.

Ziyofatda

• — Who’s that man over there?— Ana u yerdagi odam kim?
• — Oh, he’s a colleague of my husband’s.— Ha, u erimning hamkasblaridan biri.
• — And the woman in the red dress?— Qizil ko‘ylakdagi ayol-chi?
• — She’s an old friend of mine from school.— U maktabdan qadrdon dugonalarimdan biri.
• — How’s that new flat of yours?— Yangi kvartirang qalay?
• — Great! Finally I have my own room — and a balcony!— Zo‘r! Nihoyat o‘z xonam bor — balkoni ham bor!

Kichik matn: “Mening do‘stlarim”

I have many friends, but some of them are very special. Kamila is an old friend of mine — we’ve known each other since we were five. A cousin of hers is now my colleague at work! Last week, some friends of mine from university visited me. One of them, Bobur, lives on his own in Samarkand and has his own café. “I love that café of yours!” I told him. He laughed and said, “Come any time — it’s a place of my own, and you’re always welcome.”

Matnda of mine / of hers, ’s va own bilan tuzilgan iboralarni toping.

O‘zingizni tekshiring

1. A cousin of ___ (men) is getting married. → mine
2. Is he a friend of ___? (siz) → yours
3. I met a teacher of ___ (Aziz). → Aziz’s
4. One of my ___ (sister) lives in Bukhara. → sisters
5. Tuzating: A my friend gave me this. → A friend of mine gave me this.
6. U singlimning bir dugonasi. → She’s a friend of my sister’s.
7. Bir nechta do‘stlarim bugun keladi. → Some friends of mine are coming today.
8. Mening o‘z xonam bor. → I have my own room.
9. U yolg‘iz yashaydi. → He lives on his own.

Qisqa xulosa

• a + ot + of + mine / yours / his / hers / ours / theirs — “bir ...im”.
• a my friend — xato (artikl va egalik birga kelmaydi).
• Ism bilan: a friend of Ali’s.
• this / that + ot + of mine — his-tuyg‘u bilan.
• my friend — aniq; a friend of mine — noaniq, biri.
• Sinonim: one of my + ko‘plik ot.