Indirect Questions

Oddiy qilib aytganda

Notanish odamdan to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri Where is the bank? deb so‘rash biroz keskin eshitiladi. Muloyimroq usul — savolni muloyim ibora ichiga joylash: Could you tell me where the bank is?

Bu indirect question (bilvosita savol). Eng muhim qoida: ichki qismda so‘z tartibi darak gapdagidek bo‘ladi — do/does/did yo‘q, ega fe’ldan oldin.

• Could you tell me where the toilet is?Hojatxona qayerda ekanini ayta olasizmi?
• Do you know what time it is?Soat necha ekanini bilasizmi?
• I wonder why she left.Nega ketdi ekan, deb o‘ylayman.
• Can you tell me how much this costs?Bu qancha turishini ayta olasizmi?

Bu darsda siz quyidagilarni o‘rganasiz:

1. Bilvosita savolni boshlovchi iboralar.
2. So‘z tartibi: ega + fe’l.
3. do / does / did yo‘qoladi.
4. Ha/yo‘q savollar: if / whether.
5. Savol belgisi qachon qo‘yiladi.
6. I don’t know / I wonder bilan.

Boshlovchi iboralar

So‘z tartibi

be va modal fe’llar egadan keyinga o‘tadi.

do / does / did yo‘qoladi

Present va Past Simple savollarida do/does/did tushib qoladi, fe’l esa zamonni o‘zi oladi:

Ha/yo‘q savollari: if / whether

So‘roq so‘zi bo‘lmasa — if yoki whether qo‘shiladi:

• Is the shop open? → Do you know if the shop is open?Do‘kon ochiqmi, bilasizmi?
• Does this bus go to Chilonzor? → Could you tell me if this bus goes to Chilonzor?Bu avtobus Chilonzorga boradimi, ayta olasizmi?
• Did he call? → I wonder whether he called.U qo‘ng‘iroq qildimi ekan.

whether — biroz rasmiyroq. whether or not ham ishlatiladi.

Tinish belgisi

Gap oxiridagi belgi boshlovchi iboraga bog‘liq:

Ko‘chirma savollar (reported questions) bilan farqi

Indirect questions (muloyim savollar) va reported questions (o‘zlashtirilgan savollar) bir xil so‘z tartibiga ega, lekin vazifasi boshqa:

• Do you know what time it is?Soat necha ekanini bilasizmi? (indirect)
• He asked me what time it was.U mendan soat nechaligini so‘radi. (reported)

Boshqa boshlovchi iboralar

• I wonder why she didn’t call.Nega u qo‘ng‘iroq qilmadi ekan, deb o‘ylayman.
• Do you have any idea how much it costs?Qancha turishini bilasizmi?
• Would you mind telling me how old you are?Necha yoshda ekaningizni aytsangiz qarshi emasmisiz?
• I’d like to know when the results will be ready.Natijalar qachon tayyor bo‘lishini bilmoqchiman.

I wonder bilan boshlangan gap savol emas — oxirida nuqta qo‘yiladi.

Ish suhbati va rasmiy xatlarda

Indirect questions ish suhbati, rasmiy xat va mijozlarga xizmatda juda muhim:

• Could you tell me what the salary is?Maosh qancha ekanini ayta olasizmi?
• I would be grateful if you could tell me whether the course is still available.Kurs hali ham mavjudmi yoki yo‘qligini aytsangiz, minnatdor bo‘lardim.
• May I ask when I can expect an answer?Javobni qachon kutishim mumkinligini so‘rasam maylimi?

whether — if ning rasmiyroq varianti; ayniqsa or not bilan: whether or not you agree.

Bosqichma-bosqich

1. To‘g‘ri savolni yozing: Where does she work?
2. Boshlovchi iborani tanlang: Could you tell me...
3. do/does/did ni olib tashlang, ega + fe’l tartibiga keltiring: where she works.
4. Ha/yo‘q savoli bo‘lsa — if / whether qo‘shing.

Misol: “Muzey soat nechada yopiladi?” → muloyim

1. To‘g‘ri savol: What time does the museum close?
2. does tushadi, close → closes.

Misol: “Ali uydami?” → bilasizmi?

1. Ha/yo‘q → if. Is Ali → Ali is.

Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar

Eslab qoling: bilvosita savolda ega + fe’l (darak tartibi), do/does/did yo‘q. Ha/yo‘q savol — if / whether.

Hayotiy vaziyatlarda

Mehmonxona qabulxonasida

• — Excuse me, could you tell me where the lift is?— Kechirasiz, lift qayerda ekanini ayta olasizmi?
• — Of course. It’s on the left.— Albatta. Chap tomonda.
• — And do you know what time breakfast starts?— Nonushta soat nechada boshlanishini bilasizmi?
• — At seven.— Yettida.
• — I’d also like to know if there is a gym in the hotel.— Mehmonxonada sport zali bor-yo‘qligini ham bilmoqchi edim.
• — Yes, on the top floor.— Ha, eng yuqori qavatda.
• — Thanks. I wonder whether it’s open now.— Rahmat. Hozir ochiqmikan.

Ish suhbatida

• — Do you have any questions for us?— Bizga biror savolingiz bormi?
• — Yes. Could you tell me what the working hours are?— Ha. Ish soatlari qanday ekanini ayta olasizmi?
• — From nine to six.— To‘qqizdan oltigacha.
• — And may I ask whether there is a training programme?— Trening dasturi bor-yo‘qligini so‘rasam maylimi?
• — Yes, for the first month.— Ha, birinchi oy davomida.
• — I was wondering when I can expect to hear from you.— Sizdan qachon javob kutishim mumkinligini bilmoqchi edim.
• — By the end of next week.— Kelasi hafta oxirigacha.

Kichik matn: “Yangi shaharda”

When I arrived in Istanbul, I was lost. I stopped a woman and asked, “Excuse me, could you tell me where the nearest metro station is?” She smiled and showed me. In the metro I asked a man, “Do you know which line goes to Taksim?” He didn’t know. Later, at the hotel, I asked the receptionist, “Could you tell me what time breakfast is served?” and “Do you know if there’s a good restaurant nearby?” She was very helpful. I wonder why I was so worried at first!

Matndagi indirect questions’ni toping va ularni to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri savolga aylantiring.

O‘zingizni tekshiring

1. Where is the station? → Could you tell me where ___ ___ ___? → the station is
2. What does this word mean? → Do you know what this word ___? → means
3. Did they arrive? → I wonder ___ they arrived. → if / whether
4. How old is your teacher? → I don’t know how old ___ ___ ___. → my teacher is
5. Tuzating: Can you tell me what time does the bus leave? → Can you tell me what time the bus leaves?
6. Soat necha ekanini bilasizmi? → Do you know what time it is?
7. Nega u kelmadi ekan, deb o‘ylayman. → I wonder why she didn’t come.
8. U uydami-yo‘qmi, ayta olasizmi? → Could you tell me if he is at home?
9. Maosh qancha ekanini ayta olasizmi? → Could you tell me what the salary is?

Qisqa xulosa

• Bilvosita savol — muloyim: Could you tell me...? Do you know...? I wonder...
• Ichki qismda ega + fe’l tartibi: where the bank is.
• do / does / did tushib qoladi, fe’l zamonni oladi: what time it starts, why she left.
• Ha/yo‘q savol — if / whether: Do you know if he’s here?
• Oxirgi belgi boshlovchi iboraga bog‘liq: ? yoki .