Such, Quite, Rather + a — such a, quite a, rather a

Oddiy qilib aytganda

such, quite, rather, what — bu so‘zlar sifat va otni kuchaytiradi yoki yumshatadi. Ularning eng muhim va chalkash tomoni — artikl (a / an) qayerda turishi:

It’s such a nice day. — such dan keyin a. It’s quite a nice day. — quite dan keyin a. It’s rather a nice day. yoki It’s a rather nice day. — ikkalasi ham to‘g‘ri. It’s a very nice day. — very dan oldin a. What a nice day! — what dan keyin a.

Ya’ni ko‘pchilik so‘zlarda artikl sifatdan oldin turadi (a very nice), lekin such, quite, what (va ba’zan rather) bilan artikl ulardan keyin keladi. Bu tartib o‘zbek tilida so‘zlashuvchilar uchun g‘alati tuyuladi, chunki o‘zbek tilida artikl yo‘q.

such + a / an + (sifat) + otsuch a good film

quite + a / an + (sifat) + otquite a good film

rather + a + sifat + ot / a + rather + sifat + otrather a good film / a rather good film

what + a / an + (sifat) + otWhat a good film!

a + very / really / so...a very good film (a so good film ✗)

Bu darsda siz quyidagilarni o‘rganasiz:

such a va so — ot bilan yoki otsiz.
quite a — ma’nosi va o‘rni.
rather a va a rather — ikki tartib.
what a — undov gaplarda.
quite a few, quite a lot, quite a bit — miqdor.
such ... that va so ... that — natija.

such a va so

such — ot bilan (sifat bo‘lsa ham, bo‘lmasa ham). so — faqat sifat yoki ravish bilan (otsiz).

such (ot bilan)	so (otsiz)
It’s such a beautiful day.	The day is so beautiful.
She’s such a good teacher.	She teaches so well.
They’re such nice people.	They’re so nice.
It was such terrible weather.	The weather was so terrible.

It was such a mess!Shunday tartibsizlik edi!
He’s such an interesting person.U shunday qiziqarli odam.
We had such fun at the party.Ziyofatda juda maza qildik.
I’ve never seen such beautiful flowers.Bunday chiroyli gullarni hech qachon ko‘rmaganman.
Thank you — you’re so kind!Rahmat — siz juda mehribonsiz!

such artikl qoidasi:

birlikdagi sanaladigan ot → such a / an: such a day.
ko‘plik yoki sanalmaydigan ot → such (artiklsiz): such days, such weather.

Diqqat: a such nice day va so nice day — xato.

quite a

quite ning ma’nosi kontekstga bog‘liq:

Oddiy sifat bilan — “ancha, yaxshigina” (very dan kuchsiz): It’s quite good.
Mutlaq sifat bilan — “butunlay, mutlaqo”: You’re quite right.

Ot bilan quite artikldan oldin keladi:

To‘g‘riIt was quite a long journey.

KamroqIt was a quite long journey. (AmE’da uchraydi, BrE’da kam)

It’s quite a long way to the station.Vokzalgacha ancha uzoq yo‘l.
She’s quite a good singer.U yaxshigina xonanda.
That was quite an experience!Bu ancha (g‘ayrioddiy) tajriba bo‘ldi!
It’s quite a nice house, but it’s too small.Bu yaxshigina uy, lekin juda kichik.

quite a + ot (sifatsiz)

quite a + ot (sifatsiz) — “g‘ayrioddiy, ajoyib, haqiqiy”:

That was quite a party!Bu haqiqiy ziyofat bo‘ldi!
She’s quite a woman.U ajoyib ayol.
It was quite a surprise.Bu katta syurpriz bo‘ldi.

rather a va a rather

rather — “ancha, xiylagina”, ko‘pincha kutilmagan yoki salbiy ohang bilan. Ot bilan ikki tartib ham to‘g‘ri:

To‘g‘riIt’s rather a long film.

To‘g‘riIt’s a rather long film.

It was rather a difficult exam.Bu xiyla qiyin imtihon edi.
She made a rather strange comment.U ancha g‘alati izoh berdi.
That’s rather a good idea!Bu ancha yaxshi fikr ekan! (kutmagandim)
It’s rather cold in here.Bu yer xiyla sovuq ekan. (otsiz)

rather ijobiy sifat bilan hayratni bildiradi: The film was rather good! — “Film kutganimdan ham yaxshi ekan!”

rather + qiyosiy va rather + fe’l

It’s rather more expensive than I expected.Bu kutganimdan ancha qimmatroq.
I rather like him.Men uni ancha yoqtiraman. (britancha, ehtiyotkor)
I’d rather stay at home.Uyda qolganim afzal. (would rather — boshqa ma’no)

what a — undov gaplarda

what ham artikldan oldin keladi:

What a beautiful day!Qanday ajoyib kun!
What an idea!Qanday fikr!
What lovely weather!Qanday yoqimli ob-havo! (sanalmaydigan — a yo‘q)
What nice people!Qanday yoqimli odamlar! (ko‘plik — a yo‘q)

Batafsil — “Undov gaplar” darsida.

Artikl tartibi — umumiy jadval

So‘z	Tartib	Misol
very, really, extremely	a + so‘z + sifat + ot	a very nice day
so	so + sifat (otsiz)	The day is so nice.
such	such a + sifat + ot	such a nice day
quite	quite a + sifat + ot	quite a nice day
rather	rather a / a rather + sifat + ot	rather a nice day / a rather nice day
what	what a + sifat + ot	What a nice day!
too, as, how, so + sifat + a + ot	so‘z + sifat + a + ot (rasmiy)	too big a risk, as good a player, so nice a day

too / as / so + sifat + a + ot (rasmiy)

Rasmiy va adabiy uslubda too, as, so, how bilan sifat artikldan oldin keladi:

It’s too big a risk.Bu juda katta xavf.
He’s as good a player as his father.U otasidek yaxshi o‘yinchi.
It was so beautiful a day that we went to the beach.Shunday ajoyib kun ediki, sohilga bordik. (adabiy)
How big a problem is it?Bu qanchalik katta muammo?

quite a few, quite a lot, quite a bit — miqdor

Bu iboralar miqdor haqida va ijobiy ma’noda “ancha ko‘p”:

Ibora	Ot turi	Ma’nosi
quite a few	sanaladigan	ancha ko‘p
quite a lot (of)	ikkalasi	ancha ko‘p
quite a bit (of)	sanalmaydigan (BrE)	ancha ko‘p
quite a while	vaqt	ancha vaqt

Quite a few people came to the party.Ziyofatga ancha ko‘p odam keldi.
I’ve read quite a lot of books this year.Bu yil ancha ko‘p kitob o‘qidim.
It costs quite a bit.Bu ancha qimmat turadi.
I haven’t seen him for quite a while.Uni ko‘rmaganimga ancha bo‘ldi.

Diqqat: quite a few — ko‘p degani, garchi few “kam” bo‘lsa ham!

such ... that va so ... that — natija

such / so dan keyin that + gap kelsa, natija bildiriladi: “shunchalik ... ki”:

such + (a) + sifat + ot + thatIt was such a good film that I watched it twice.

so + sifat / ravish + thatThe film was so good that I watched it twice.

It was such a hot day that we stayed inside.Shunday issiq kun ediki, ichkarida qoldik.
She spoke so quickly that nobody understood her.U shunchalik tez gapirdiki, hech kim tushunmadi.
There were such crowds that we couldn’t move.Shunday olomon ediki, qimirlay olmadik.
I was so tired that I fell asleep at once.Shunchalik charchagan edimki, darhol uxlab qoldim.

so many / so much / so few / so little + ot — bu yerda so ot bilan keladi:

There were so many people that we left.Shunchalik ko‘p odam bor ediki, ketib qoldik.
I have so much work!Ishim shunchalik ko‘p!

Bosqichma-bosqich

Keyin ot bormi?
- Yo‘q → so + sifat.
- Ha → such (a), quite a, rather a / a rather, what a.
Ot birlikdagi sanaladiganmi? → a / an kerak; ko‘plik yoki sanalmaydigan → artiklsiz.
Artikl o‘rni: such / quite / what dan keyin; very dan oldin.
Natija gapi bormi? → such ... that / so ... that.

Misol: “Bu shunday yaxshi kitob ediki, bir kunda o‘qib tugatdim.”

Ot bor (kitob), natija bor → such a ... that.

NatijaIt was such a good book that I finished it in a day.

Misol: “Bu ancha uzoq yo‘l.”

Ot bor, quite → quite a.

NatijaIt’s quite a long way.

Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar

✗ ~~It’s a such nice day.~~

✓ It’s such a nice day.

such a.

✗ ~~It’s so nice day.~~

✓ It’s such a nice day. / The day is so nice.

Ot bilan — such.

✗ ~~She is such kind.~~

✓ She is so kind.

Otsiz — so.

✗ ~~It was such a terrible weather.~~

✓ It was such terrible weather.

weather sanalmaydi.

✗ ~~It’s a quite long way. (BrE)~~

✓ It’s quite a long way.

quite a.

✗ ~~What beautiful day!~~

✓ What a beautiful day!

Birlik ot — a.

✗ ~~It’s a so good idea.~~

✓ It’s such a good idea.

a so — xato.

✗ ~~Quite few people came. (ko‘p ma’nosida)~~

✓ Quite a few people came.

quite a few.

✗ ~~It was so a hot day that...~~

✓ It was such a hot day that...

Ot bilan — such a.

✗ ~~There were so much people.~~

✓ There were so many people.

Sanaladigan — many.

Eslab qoling: such a nice day, quite a nice day, rather a / a rather nice day, what a nice day, lekin a very nice day. Otsiz — so nice.

Hayotiy vaziyatlarda

Sayohatdan keyin

— How was Istanbul?— Istanbul qanday ekan?
— Amazing! It’s such a beautiful city.— Ajoyib! U shunday go‘zal shahar.
— Was it expensive?— Qimmatmi?
— Quite expensive, but we found quite a few cheap restaurants.— Ancha qimmat, lekin ancha ko‘p arzon restoranlar topdik.
— And the flight?— Parvoz-chi?
— It was rather a long flight — five hours. But the views were so stunning that I didn’t mind.— Xiyla uzoq parvoz edi — besh soat. Lekin manzaralar shunchalik ajoyib ediki, qarshi emasdim.

Ish haqida

— How’s your new boss?— Yangi boshlig‘ing qanday?
— She’s quite a character! Very strict, but fair.— U haqiqiy shaxs! Juda qattiqqo‘l, lekin adolatli.
— Is the work hard?— Ish og‘irmi?
— I have so much to do that I often stay late. But it’s such an interesting job!— Ishim shunchalik ko‘pki, ko‘pincha kech qolaman. Lekin bu shunday qiziqarli ish!

Kichik matn: “Esdalik ta’til”

Last summer we had such a wonderful holiday in Turkey. The hotel was quite small, but it had such friendly staff that we felt at home immediately. It was rather a long drive from the airport, and the weather was so hot that we could only go out in the evenings. But the food — what delicious food! We tried quite a few local dishes. On the last day, the owner gave us quite a surprise: a free dinner on the roof. It was such a beautiful evening that none of us wanted to leave.

Matndagi such, quite, rather, so, what ni toping. Ulardan keyin artikl qayerda turibdi?

O‘zingizni tekshiring

Bu shunday yaxshi film. → It’s such a good film.
Film juda yaxshi. → The film is so good.
Bu ancha uzoq yo‘l. → It’s quite a long way.
Bu xiyla qiyin savol edi. → It was rather a difficult question. / a rather difficult question
Qanday ajoyib kun! → What a wonderful day!
Ancha ko‘p odam keldi. → Quite a few people came.
Shunday sovuq kun ediki, uyda qoldik. → It was such a cold day that we stayed at home.
U shunchalik tez gapirdiki, tushunmadim. → He spoke so fast that I didn’t understand.

Hammasi to‘g‘ri bo‘lsa, mavzu bo‘yicha testni topshiring.

Qisqa xulosa

such (a) + (sifat) + ot; so + sifat / ravish (otsiz).
quite a + sifat + ot; quite a + ot — g‘ayrioddiy: quite a party.
rather a + sifat + ot = a rather + sifat + ot.
what a + (sifat) + ot (undov).
very / really bilan artikl oldin: a very nice day.
Rasmiy: too / as / so / how + sifat + a + ot: too big a risk.
quite a few / quite a lot / quite a while — ancha ko‘p.
such ... that / so ... that — natija.