Here and There

Oddiy qilib aytganda

Here — “bu yerda, bu yerga” (gapiruvchiga yaqin joy). There — “u yerda, u yerga” (gapiruvchidan uzoq joy). Bu so‘zlar this va that ga o‘xshaydi, faqat ular narsani emas, joyni ko‘rsatadi.

• Come here, please.Bu yerga keling, iltimos.
• I live here.Men shu yerda yashayman.
• Put the box there.Qutini u yerga qo‘ying.
• The bank is over there.Bank ana u yerda.

Bu darsda siz quyidagilarni o‘rganasiz:

1. here va there ning asosiy ma’nosi.
2. here/there bilan predlog ishlatilmasligi.
3. over there, up here, down there.
4. Here you are, Here it is, There you go.
5. Here comes the bus — teskari tartib.
6. there ning ikki xil vazifasi.

Predlog kerak emas

O‘zbekchada “bu yer-da”, “u yer-ga” deymiz. Inglizchada here va there ning o‘zida joy ma’nosi bor, shuning uchun in, at, to qo‘shilmaydi.

• We work here.Biz shu yerda ishlaymiz.
• I’m going there tomorrow.Ertaga u yerga boraman.
• Is Bobur there?Bobur u yerdami? (telefonda: Bobur bormi?)

Istisno: from ishlatiladi: How far is it from here? — Bu yerdan qancha uzoq?

Aniqlashtiruvchi so‘zlar

• My car is over there.Mashinam ana u yerda.
• It’s cold in here.Bu yer (xona ichi) sovuq.
• Look up there! A bird!Tepaga qarang! Qush!
• I’m right here.Men shu yerdaman.

Tayyor iboralar

Narsani kimgadir uzatganda:

• Here you are.Mana, oling.
• Here it is.Mana u. (izlagan narsangiz)
• Here they are.Mana ular.
• There you go.Mana. (norasmiy)

Kimdir yoki nimadir kelayotganini aytganda — teskari tartib:

• Here comes my brother.Ana akam kelyapti.
• Here’s your coffee.Mana qahvangiz.
• There’s Ali!Ana Ali!

there ning ikki vazifasi

Ikkinchi vazifa — There is / There are darsida batafsil.

Here is / Here are — biror narsani berganda

Here gap boshida kelsa, so‘z tartibi o‘zgaradi. Bu narsani berish yoki ko‘rsatish paytida ishlatiladi:

• Here’s your ticket.Mana chiptangiz.
• Here are the photos from the wedding.Mana to‘ydan rasmlar.
• — Where’s my phone? — Here it is!— Telefonim qayerda? — Mana u!
• Here comes the bus!Mana avtobus kelyapti!
• Here we are! This is our hotel.Mana keldik! Bu bizning mehmonxonamiz.

Diqqat: olmosh bilan tartib boshqacha: Here it is (Here is it — xato); Here they are (Here are they — xato). Ot bilan esa: Here comes the bus — fe’l egadan oldin.

There is / There are va there (joy) farqi

there ikki xil ishlatiladi va bu ko‘pincha chalkashtiriladi:

• There’s a café over there.Ana u yerda bir kafe bor.
• Is there a bank near here?Bu yerga yaqin bank bormi?

Birinchi misolda there ikki marta keladi: birinchisi — “bor”, ikkinchisi — “u yerda”.

Telefonda va ovozli xabarda

Telefonda here va there maxsus ma’noda ishlatiladi:

• Hello, is Aziz there?Alo, Aziz bormi? (sizning yoningizdami?)
• Hi, it’s Lola here.Salom, men Lola. (bu Lola)
• Sorry, he’s not here at the moment.Kechirasiz, u hozir yo‘q.
• Here’s my number: 90 123 45 67.Mana raqamim: 90 123 45 67.

Diqqat: telefonda Is Aziz here? — xato (siz u yerda emassiz). To‘g‘risi: Is Aziz there?

Bosqichma-bosqich

1. Joy gapiruvchiga yaqinmi? → here. Uzoqmi? → there.
2. Predlog qo‘ymang (in, to, at).
3. Ko‘rsatish kerak bo‘lsa — over there.

Misol: “Bu yerga o‘tiring.”

1. Yaqin joy → here. “ga” uchun to kerak emas.

Misol: “Men u yerga avtobusda boraman.”

1. Uzoq joy → there. to there emas.

Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar

Eslab qoling: here = bu yerda/bu yerga, there = u yerda/u yerga. to, in, at — kerak emas.

Hayotiy vaziyatlarda

Mehmonxonada

• — Good evening. Here’s my passport.— Xayrli kech. Mana pasportim.
• — Thank you. And here’s your key. Room 204.— Rahmat. Mana kalitingiz. 204-xona.
• — Where is the lift?— Lift qayerda?
• — It’s over there, on the left.— Ana u yerda, chap tomonda.
• — Is there a café here?— Bu yerda kafe bormi?
• — Yes, it’s down there, on the ground floor.— Ha, pastda, birinchi qavatda.

Restoranda

• — Good evening. Here’s the menu.— Xayrli oqshom. Mana menyu.
• — Thank you. Is there a table by the window?— Rahmat. Deraza yonida stol bormi?
• — Yes, over there. Please follow me.— Ha, ana u yerda. Iltimos, orqamdan yuring.
• — Lovely. Can we sit here?— Ajoyib. Shu yerga o‘tirsak bo‘ladimi?
• — Of course. Here you are.— Albatta. Marhamat.
• — And here comes our food!— Mana ovqatimiz kelyapti!

Kichik matn: “Mehmonga borish”

Last Sunday we visited my aunt in Chirchiq. When we arrived, she opened the door and said, “Here you are at last! Come in!” She showed us her new house. “This is the living room, and the kitchen is over there.” Then she brought some tea. “Here’s your tea, and here are some sweets.” My little brother asked, “Where’s the garden?” — “It’s there, behind the house. There are apple trees and a small pool.” We stayed there all day. When we left, she said, “Come here again soon!”

Matnda here va there ni toping. Qaysi there joyni bildiradi, qaysi biri “bor” ma’nosida?

O‘zingizni tekshiring

1. Come ___, please! (bu yerga) → here
2. I’ve never been ___. (u yerga) → there
3. Look! The bus is ___ ___. (ana u yerda) → over there
4. — Can I have the salt? — ___ you are. → Here
5. Tuzating: We went to there by taxi. → We went there by taxi.
6. ___ comes the teacher! → Here
7. Mana chiptalaringiz. → Here are your tickets.
8. — Kalitim qayerda? — Mana u! → Here it is!
9. (Telefonda) Lola bormi? → Is Lola there?
10. Mana avtobus kelyapti! → Here comes the bus!

Qisqa xulosa

• here — yaqin joy, there — uzoq joy.
• in, to, at qo‘shilmaydi: come here, go there. (from here — mumkin.)
• over there, up here, down there, in here, right here.
• Uzatganda: Here you are. Here it is.
• Here comes the bus! — lekin olmosh bilan: Here it comes!
• there ning ikkinchi vazifasi: There is / There are (bor).