Prepositions + -ing — Predlogdan keyin -ing

Oddiy qilib aytganda

Inglizchada oddiy, lekin juda muhim qoida bor: predlogdan keyin fe’l kelsa, u doim -ing shaklida bo‘ladi.

I’m good at drawing. (Rasm chizishni yaxshi bilaman.) Thank you for helping me. (Yordam berganingiz uchun rahmat.) He left without saying goodbye. (U xayrlashmasdan ketdi.)

Predlog — in, on, at, for, of, about, without, before, after, by...

sifat + predlog + -ingI’m interested in learning Chinese.

fe’l + predlog + -ingI’m thinking about moving.

predlog + -ing (gap boshida)Before going out, check the weather.

She’s afraid of flying.U samolyotda uchishdan qo‘rqadi.
I’m tired of waiting.Kutishdan charchadim.
After finishing work, I went home.Ishni tugatib, uyga ketdim.
You can improve your English by reading books.Kitob o‘qib ingliz tilingizni yaxshilashingiz mumkin.

Bu darsda siz quyidagilarni o‘rganasiz:

Asosiy qoida: predlog + -ing.
Sifat + predlog: good at, interested in, afraid of.
Fe’l + predlog: think about, succeed in, apologise for.
before, after, without, by + -ing.
to — predlog bo‘lsa: look forward to + -ing.
Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar.

Sifat + predlog + -ing

Ibora	Misol
good at	She’s good at cooking.
bad at	I’m bad at remembering names.
interested in	He’s interested in buying a car.
afraid of	I’m afraid of speaking in public.
tired of	We’re tired of hearing excuses.
proud of	They’re proud of winning.
fond of	My granny is fond of gardening.
worried about	She’s worried about failing.
excited about	I’m excited about going to Dubai.
responsible for	Who’s responsible for cleaning?

Fe’l + predlog + -ing

I’m thinking about changing my job.Ishimni almashtirishni o‘ylayapman.
He succeeded in passing the test.U testdan muvaffaqiyatli o‘tdi.
She apologised for being late.U kechikkani uchun uzr so‘radi.
They insisted on paying.Ular to‘lashni talab qilishdi.
Thank you for coming.Kelganingiz uchun rahmat.
I dream of visiting Japan.Yaponiyaga borishni orzu qilaman.

before, after, without, by

before + -ingBefore leaving, turn off the lights.

after + -ingAfter eating, we watched a film.

without + -ingHe left without paying.

by + -ing (usul)I learned English by watching films.

instead of + -ingInstead of studying, he played games.

Wash your hands before eating.Ovqatdan oldin qo‘lingizni yuving.
She answered without thinking.U o‘ylamasdan javob berdi.
You can save money by cooking at home.Uyda ovqat qilib pul tejash mumkin.

to — predlog bo‘lganda

Ko‘p hollarda to — infinitiv belgisi (to go). Lekin ba’zi iboralarda to — predlog, shuning uchun undan keyin -ing:

look forward toI’m looking forward to seeing you.

be used toI’m used to getting up early.

get used toYou’ll get used to living here.

object toI object to paying so much.

I’m looking forward to see you — xato!

Ot + predlog + -ing

Ba’zi otlar ham predlog bilan keladi va undan keyin -ing:

Ot + predlog	Misol
interest in	She has an interest in* painting.*
reason for	What’s the reason for* leaving?*
chance of	There’s a chance of* winning.*
way of	It’s a good way of* learning.*
point in	There’s no point in* waiting.*
difficulty in	I had difficulty in* finding it.*
idea of	I love the idea of* travelling.*

Is there any chance of getting a ticket?Chipta olish imkoniyati bormi?
Reading is a great way of improving your vocabulary.O‘qish — lug‘atni boyitishning ajoyib usuli.
There’s no point in arguing.Bahslashishning ma’nosi yo‘q.

to — predlogmi yoki infinitiv?

Bu eng chalkash joy. to ba’zan infinitiv belgisi (keyin fe’l), ba’zan predlog (keyin -ing yoki ot):

to + fe’l (infinitiv)	to + -ing (predlog)
I want to go.	I look forward to going.
I decided to stay.	I’m used to staying up late.
I need to work.	I object to working at weekends.

Test: to dan keyin ot qo‘yib ko‘ring. Agar ot kelsa (I look forward to the party), demak to — predlog, keyin -ing.

I’m looking forward to seeing you.Sizni ko‘rishni intiqlik bilan kutyapman.
She’s used to working at night.U kechasi ishlashga ko‘nikkan.
When it comes to cooking, he’s the best.Gap ovqat pishirishga kelganda, u eng zo‘ri.

Gap boshida: Before leaving, After eating

before, after, since, on + -ing gap boshida ham kelishi mumkin:

Before leaving the house, check the windows.Uydan chiqishdan oldin derazalarni tekshiring.
After finishing school, she went to London.Maktabni tugatgach, u Londonga ketdi.
On arriving at the hotel, we went straight to bed.Mehmonxonaga yetib kelishimiz bilan darhol uxladik. (rasmiy)
Instead of complaining, try to help.Shikoyat qilish o‘rniga yordam berishga harakat qil.

Diqqat: ega bir xil bo‘lishi kerak: After finishing school, she went... (After finishing school, London was... — xato).

Bosqichma-bosqich

Fe’ldan oldin predlog bormi? (at, in, of, for, about, without, before...)
Bor bo‘lsa → fe’l -ing shaklida.
to bo‘lsa — tekshiring: undan keyin ot qo‘yish mumkinmi? (look forward to the holiday). Mumkin bo‘lsa → -ing.

Misol: “U suzishni yaxshi biladi.”

good at + swim → swimming.

NatijaShe’s good at swimming.

Misol: “Sizni ko‘rishni intiqlik bilan kutyapman.”

look forward to — predlog → seeing.

NatijaI’m looking forward to seeing you.

Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar

✗ ~~I’m good at draw.~~

✓ I’m good at drawing.

Predlogdan keyin -ing.

✗ ~~Thank you for help me.~~

✓ Thank you for helping me.

for + -ing.

✗ ~~He left without say goodbye.~~

✓ He left without saying goodbye.

without + -ing.

✗ ~~I’m interested in learn Chinese.~~

✓ I’m interested in learning Chinese.

in + -ing.

✗ ~~I’m looking forward to see you.~~

✓ I’m looking forward to seeing you.

to — predlog.

✗ ~~Before to leave, call me.~~

✓ Before leaving, call me.

before + -ing.

✗ ~~She’s afraid of fly.~~

✓ She’s afraid of flying.

of + -ing.

✗ ~~I’m thinking to move.~~

✓ I’m thinking about / of moving.

think about + -ing.

✗ ~~I look forward to see you.~~

✓ I look forward to seeing you.

to — predlog.

✗ ~~There’s no point to wait.~~

✓ There’s no point in waiting.

point in + -ing.

✗ ~~I’m used to work at night.~~

✓ I’m used to working at night.

be used to + -ing.

✗ ~~Before to leave, check the door.~~

✓ Before leaving, check the door.

before + -ing.

✗ ~~What’s the reason of leaving?~~

✓ What’s the reason for leaving?

reason for.

Eslab qoling: predlog + fe’l = predlog + -ing. Hatto to predlog bo‘lsa ham: look forward to seeing.

Hayotiy vaziyatlarda

Ish suhbati

— Tell me about yourself. What are you good at?— O‘zingiz haqingizda gapiring. Nimani yaxshi bilasiz?
— I’m good at solving problems and working in a team.— Muammolarni hal qilish va jamoada ishlashni yaxshi bilaman.
— Are you interested in travelling for work?— Ish bo‘yicha safarlarga qiziqasizmi?
— Yes! I’m excited about meeting new people.— Ha! Yangi odamlar bilan tanishishga ishtiyoqim baland.
— Good. Thank you for coming today.— Yaxshi. Bugun kelganingiz uchun rahmat.
— Thank you. I look forward to hearing from you.— Rahmat. Javobingizni kutaman.

Ish suhbatida

— Why are you interested in working for us?— Nega bizda ishlashga qiziqasiz?
— I love the idea of helping people.— Odamlarga yordam berish g‘oyasini yaxshi ko‘raman.
— What’s your reason for leaving your last job?— Oldingi ishingizdan ketish sababingiz nima?
— I wanted a chance of growing professionally.— Professional o‘sish imkoniyatini xohladim.
— Are you used to working in a team?— Jamoada ishlashga o‘rganganmisiz?
— Yes. And I look forward to meeting your team!— Ha. Jamoangiz bilan tanishishni intiqlik bilan kutaman!

Kichik matn: “Yangi til o‘rganish”

I’m interested in learning languages. Before starting English, I studied Russian. I find that the best way of learning is by speaking with people. I’m used to making mistakes now — there’s no point in worrying about them. Instead of studying grammar for hours, I watch films. After watching a film, I write down new words. I’m really looking forward to visiting London next year and practising there.

Matndagi barcha predlog + -ing tuzilmalarini toping.

O‘zingizni tekshiring

I’m tired of ___ (wait). → waiting
Thank you for ___ (invite) me. → inviting
He left without ___ (pay). → paying
She’s good at ___ (sing). → singing
I look forward to ___ (meet) you. → meeting
Tuzating: Before go to bed, I read. → Before going to bed, I read.
Sizni ko‘rishni intiqlik bilan kutyapman. → I’m looking forward to seeing you.
Kutishning ma’nosi yo‘q. → There’s no point in waiting.
Uydan chiqishdan oldin derazalarni tekshiring. → Before leaving the house, check the windows.
Ketish sababingiz nima? → What’s your reason for leaving?

Qisqa xulosa

Predlogdan keyin fe’l — doim -ing.
Sifat + predlog: good at, interested in, afraid of, tired of, worried about.
Fe’l + predlog: think about, apologise for, insist on, succeed in, dream of.
before, after, without, by, instead of + -ing.
to predlog bo‘lsa ham -ing: look forward to, be used to, get used to.