The Get Passive
get bilan majhul nisbat
Bu darsda
Oddiy qilib aytganda
Majhul nisbat (passive) odatda be + V3 bilan yasaladi: The car was stolen. Lekin so‘zlashuvda ko‘pincha be o‘rniga get ishlatiladi:
Our car got stolen last night. — Kecha mashinamizni o‘g‘irlab ketishdi. He got arrested for drunk driving. — Uni mast holda mashina haydagani uchun hibsga olishdi.
get passive oddiy passive bilan bir xil ma’no beradi, lekin uning o‘ziga xos ohangi bor:
- U norasmiy, so‘zlashuvga xos.
- U ko‘pincha kutilmagan, tasodifiy yoki yoqimsiz voqealar haqida: got stolen, got broken, got hurt, got fired.
- U o‘zgarish, jarayonni ta’kidlaydi — harakatning natijasini emas, sodir bo‘lishini.
O‘zbekchada bu farq unchalik sezilmaydi: ikkalasi ham “o‘g‘irlandi”, “sindi”, “hibsga olindi”. Lekin ingliz tilida get passive jonliroq va hissiyroq eshitiladi.
Bu darsda siz quyidagilarni o‘rganasiz:
- get passive tuzilishi barcha zamonlarda.
- Qachon get passive ishlatiladi: kutilmagan va yoqimsiz voqealar.
- Ijobiy ma’nodagi get passive: get paid, get promoted.
- get + V3 — o‘zlik ma’nosida: get dressed, get married, get lost.
- get passive va be passive farqi.
- Qachon get passive ishlatilmaydi.
Tuzilishi
get oddiy fe’l kabi zamonlarda o‘zgaradi, undan keyin esa doim V3 keladi.
| Zamon | be passive | get passive |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | He is paid weekly. | He gets paid weekly. |
| Past Simple | She was hurt. | She got hurt. |
| Present Continuous | They are being interviewed. | They’re getting interviewed. |
| Present Perfect | It has been stolen. | It’s got stolen. / It has gotten stolen. (AmE) |
| Future | You will be caught. | You’ll get caught. |
| Modal | It can be damaged. | It can get damaged. |
- I get paid on the last day of the month.Oyning oxirgi kunida maosh olaman.
- My bike got stolen while I was in the shop.Do‘kondaligimda velosipedimni o‘g‘irlab ketishdi.
- Be careful or you’ll get hurt!Ehtiyot bo‘l, yo‘qsa jarohat olasan!
- Our flight got cancelled because of the storm.Bo‘ron sababli parvozimiz bekor qilindi.
- He’s getting interviewed for a new job tomorrow.Ertaga u yangi ish uchun suhbatdan o‘tadi.
Inkor va savol
get passive da inkor va savol do / does / did bilan yasaladi, chunki get — oddiy fe’l:
- I didn’t get invited to the party.Meni ziyofatga taklif qilishmadi.
- Did you get paid yesterday?Kecha maosh oldingmi?
- How did the window get broken?Deraza qanday sindi?
- Luckily, nobody got injured.Xayriyatki, hech kim jarohat olmadi.
Kutilmagan va yoqimsiz voqealar
get passive eng ko‘p baxtsiz hodisalar, muammolar, jazolar haqida ishlatiladi:
| get + V3 | Ma’nosi |
|---|---|
| get stolen | o‘g‘irlanmoq |
| get broken | sinmoq |
| get hurt / injured | jarohat olmoq |
| get killed | halok bo‘lmoq |
| get arrested | hibsga olinmoq |
| get fired / sacked | ishdan haydalmoq |
| get caught | qo‘lga tushmoq |
| get lost | adashmoq, yo‘qolmoq |
| get damaged | shikastlanmoq |
| get robbed | talonchilikka uchramoq |
| get stuck | tiqilib qolmoq |
| get cheated | aldanmoq |
- Two people got injured in the accident.Avariyada ikki kishi jarohat oldi.
- He got caught cheating in the exam.U imtihonda ko‘chirayotganda qo‘lga tushdi.
- I got stuck in traffic for two hours.Ikki soat tirbandlikda qolib ketdim.
- She got fired for being late every day.Har kuni kechikkani uchun uni ishdan haydashdi.
- Our luggage got lost at the airport.Aeroportda yukimiz yo‘qoldi.
- We got robbed on holiday.Ta’tilda bizni talashdi.
Ijobiy ma’nodagi get passive
get passive faqat yomon voqealar uchun emas. Ijobiy, ayniqsa odam uchun muhim o‘zgarishlar haqida ham ishlatiladi:
- She got promoted last month.U o‘tgan oy lavozimi oshirildi.
- I finally got accepted to university!Nihoyat universitetga qabul qilindim!
- He got elected as class president.U sinf sardori etib saylandi.
- They got paid extra for working at the weekend.Dam olish kunlari ishlagani uchun ularga qo‘shimcha haq to‘lashdi.
- My essay got chosen for the competition.Inshoim tanlovga tanlab olindi.
get + V3 — o‘zlik va holat ma’nosida
Ba’zi get + V3 birikmalari aslida majhul emas, balki odam o‘zi bilan sodir qiladigan harakat yoki holat o‘zgarishini bildiradi. Ular juda ko‘p ishlatiladi:
| get + V3 | Ma’nosi |
|---|---|
| get dressed / undressed | kiyinmoq / yechinmoq |
| get married / divorced | turmush qurmoq / ajrashmoq |
| get engaged | unashtirilmoq |
| get changed | kiyim almashtirmoq |
| get washed | yuvinmoq |
| get lost | adashmoq |
| get involved | aralashmoq, qatnashmoq |
| get started | boshlamoq |
| get bored / tired | zerikmoq / charchamoq |
- Hurry up and get dressed!Tezroq kiyin!
- They got married in 2019.Ular 2019-yilda turmush qurishdi.
- I need to get changed before the party.Ziyofatdan oldin kiyim almashtirishim kerak.
- Let’s get started!Qani, boshlaylik!
- Don’t get involved in their argument.Ularning janjaliga aralashma.
get passive va be passive
| be passive | get passive |
|---|---|
| Rasmiy va neytral | Norasmiy, so‘zlashuv |
| Holat yoki natija | Jarayon, o‘zgarish, voqea |
| Har qanday fe’l bilan | Asosan harakat fe’llari bilan |
| The house was built in 1900. | The house got built in 1900. (g‘alati) |
| The window was broken. (sinib yotgan edi yoki sindirildi) | The window got broken. (sindi — voqea) |
- The door was locked.Eshik qulflangan edi. (holat)
- The door got locked by accident.Eshik tasodifan qulflanib qoldi. (voqea)
Qachon get passive ishlatilmaydi?
- Rasmiy va ilmiy matnlarda: The experiment was conducted in 2020 (got conducted — g‘alati).
- Holat fe’llari bilan: He is known as a great writer (gets known — xato).
- Rejalashtirilgan, uzoq jarayonlar bilan: The cathedral was built in the 12th century (got built — g‘alati).
- Kim tomonidan aniq ko‘rsatilganda be passive tabiiyroq: The book was written by Navoi.
Bosqichma-bosqich
- Vaziyat norasmiymi? (suhbat, do‘stona xat) — Ha → get passive mumkin.
- Voqea kutilmagan, tasodifiy yoki yoqimsizmi? → get passive juda tabiiy.
- Odam uchun muhim o‘zgarishmi? (promoted, accepted) → get passive ham bo‘ladi.
- Rasmiy yoki ilmiy matnmi, holat fe’limi? → be passive.
Misol: “Mening telefonimni metroda o‘g‘irlab ketishdi.”
- Norasmiy, yoqimsiz voqea → get passive.
Misol: “Bu masjid XV asrda qurilgan.”
- Tarixiy, rasmiy, uzoq jarayon → be passive.
Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar
Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar
✗ My car got steal.
✓ My car got stolen.
get + V3.
✗ He was got arrested.
✓ He got arrested.
was kerak emas.
✗ I didn’t got paid.
✓ I didn’t get paid.
did dan keyin get.
✗ Did he got fired?
✓ Did he get fired?
did dan keyin get.
✗ The theory got developed by Einstein.
✓ The theory was developed by Einstein.
Rasmiy matn — be passive.
✗ She gets known as a singer.
✓ She is known as a singer.
Holat fe’li — be passive.
✗ They got marry last year.
✓ They got married last year.
get married.
✗ Be careful or you’ll hurt.
✓ Be careful or you’ll get hurt.
O‘zingiz jarohat olasiz — get hurt.
✗ I got lose in the city.
✓ I got lost in the city.
get lost.
✗ The window has got broke.
✓ The window has got broken.
break → broken.
Eslab qoling: get + V3 — so‘zlashuvda, kutilmagan voqealar: got stolen, got hurt, got fired; ijobiy: got promoted, got accepted. Rasmiy matnda — be + V3.
Hayotiy vaziyatlarda
Yomon kun
- — You look terrible. What happened?— Ahvoling yomon ko‘rinadi. Nima bo‘ldi?
- — Everything went wrong! First I got stuck in traffic.— Hamma narsa teskari ketdi! Avval tirbandlikda qolib ketdim.
- — Oh no.— Voy.
- — Then I got shouted at by my boss for being late.— Keyin kechikkanim uchun boshlig‘im menga baqirdi.
- — And then?— Keyin-chi?
- — On the way home, my bag got stolen!— Uyga qaytayotganimda sumkamni o‘g‘irlab ketishdi!
- — You should call the police. I hope the thief gets caught!— Politsiyaga qo‘ng‘iroq qil. Umid qilamanki, o‘g‘ri qo‘lga tushadi!
Yaxshi yangilik
- — Guess what? I got promoted!— Bilasanmi? Lavozimim oshdi!
- — Congratulations! Will you get paid more now?— Tabriklayman! Endi ko‘proq maosh olasanmi?
- — Yes, and I got invited to the company’s conference in Dubai.— Ha, yana kompaniyaning Dubaydagi konferensiyasiga taklif qilindim.
- — That’s fantastic!— Ajoyib!
Kichik matn: “Sayohatdagi sarguzasht”
Last summer my friend and I travelled around Europe. It was amazing, but a lot of things went wrong. In Rome, our luggage got lost at the airport, and it took three days to find it. In Paris, my friend’s wallet got stolen on the metro. Then, in Barcelona, we got caught in a terrible storm and got completely soaked. On the last day, I got bitten by a dog in the park — luckily I didn’t get badly hurt. But there was good news too: on the way home, we got upgraded to business class for free!
Matnda har bir get + V3 ni toping. Qaysilari yoqimsiz, qaysilari yoqimli voqealar?
O‘zingizni tekshiring
- Kecha mashinamni o‘g‘irlab ketishdi. → My car got stolen last night.
- U ishdan haydaldi. → He got fired.
- Avariyada hech kim jarohat olmadi. → Nobody got hurt in the accident.
- Men har juma kuni maosh olaman. → I get paid every Friday.
- Ular o‘tgan yili turmush qurishdi. → They got married last year.
- Seni ziyofatga taklif qilishdimi? → Did you get invited to the party?
- Bu kitob Abdulla Qodiriy tomonidan yozilgan. (rasmiy) → This book was written by Abdulla Qodiriy.
Hammasi to‘g‘ri bo‘lsa, mavzu bo‘yicha testni topshiring.
Qisqa xulosa
- get + V3 — so‘zlashuvdagi majhul nisbat: got stolen, got broken.
- Ko‘pincha kutilmagan, yoqimsiz voqealar: get hurt, get arrested, get fired, get stuck.
- Ijobiy ham bo‘ladi: get promoted, get accepted, get paid.
- Inkor va savol — do / does / did bilan: I didn’t get paid. Did he get hurt?
- O‘zlik va holat ma’nolari: get dressed, get married, get lost, get started.
- Rasmiy matnlar va holat fe’llari bilan — be + V3.