Make and Let

Oddiy qilib aytganda

make va let — kimnidir biror ish qilishga majburlash yoki unga ruxsat berish haqida:

• make + kim + fe’l — majburlamoq, “...ga qildirmoq”: My mum made me clean my room. (Onam menga xonamni tozalatdi.)
• let + kim + fe’l — ruxsat bermoq, “...ga qo‘ymoq”: My dad let me drive his car. (Dadam mashinasini haydashga ruxsat berdi.)

Ikkalasidan keyin fe’l to siz, asosiy shaklda!

• The film made me cry.Film meni yig‘latdi.
• My boss made me work late.Boshlig‘im meni kech ishlashga majbur qildi.
• Let me know when you arrive.Yetib borganingizda menga xabar bering.
• My parents don’t let me stay out late.Ota-onam kech qolishimga ruxsat bermaydi.

Bu darsda siz quyidagilarni o‘rganasiz:

1. make + kim + fe’l — majburlash.
2. make — his-tuyg‘u uyg‘otish (made me laugh).
3. let + kim + fe’l — ruxsat.
4. Let me... — taklif.
5. be allowed to — let ning majhul ma’nosi.
6. to qo‘shish xatosi.

make — majburlash

make — biror kishini xohlamasa ham biror ishni qilishga majbur qilish:

• The police made him stop the car.Politsiya uni mashinani to‘xtatishga majbur qildi.
• Our teacher makes us speak English in class.O‘qituvchimiz bizni darsda inglizcha gapirishga majbur qiladi.
• Don’t make me laugh!Meni kuldirmang!

make o‘tgan zamonda — made.

make — his-tuyg‘u

make + kim + fe’l yoki sifat — biror narsa kimdadir his uyg‘otadi:

let — ruxsat

let — biror ishni qilishga ruxsat berish. Uchala shakli bir xil: let – let – let.

• My mum let me go to the party.Onam ziyofatga borishimga ruxsat berdi.
• Let the children play.Bolalarni o‘ynashga qo‘ying.
• They won’t let you take photos inside.Ichkarida rasmga olishga ruxsat berishmaydi.

Let me...

Let me + fe’l — “men qilay, menga ruxsat bering” — taklif va muloyimlik:

• Let me help you.Sizga yordam beray.
• Let me think.O‘ylab ko‘ray.
• Let me see.Qani, ko‘ray-chi.
• Let me introduce myself.O‘zimni tanishtirishga ijozat bering.

be allowed to

let majhul nisbatda ishlatilmaydi. Buning o‘rniga be allowed to (to bilan!):

I was let to go — xato.

make majhulda to oladi: I was made to wait. (Meni kutishga majbur qilishdi.)

have va get — boshqa birovga ish qildirish

make va let dan tashqari have va get ham “boshqa birovga ish qildirmoq” ma’nosida ishlatiladi, lekin majburlash emas, xizmat yoki iltimos ohangida:

• My boss made me work late.Boshlig‘im meni kech ishlashga majbur qildi.
• My parents let me go to the party.Ota-onam meni ziyofatga qo‘yib yuborishdi.
• I’ll have my assistant call you.Yordamchimga sizga qo‘ng‘iroq qildiraman.
• I got my brother to help me.Akamni menga yordam berishga ko‘ndirdim.

Diqqat: get — to bilan: get someone to do (get someone do — xato).

make + sifat va make + ot

make his-tuyg‘u va holat o‘zgarishini ham bildiradi:

• This song makes me sad.Bu qo‘shiq meni xafa qiladi.
• The heat made everyone tired.Issiq hammani charchatib qo‘ydi.
• Don’t make me angry!Jahlimni chiqarma!
• They made her president of the club.Uni klub prezidenti qilib saylashdi.

Majhul nisbatda: be made to

make majhul nisbatda to bilan keladi:

• At school we were made to wear uniforms.Maktabda bizni forma kiyishga majbur qilishardi.
• He was made to apologise.Uni kechirim so‘rashga majbur qilishdi.

let majhul nisbatda ishlatilmaydi — o‘rniga be allowed to: We were allowed to leave early.

Bosqichma-bosqich

1. Majburlashmi yoki his uyg‘otishmi? → make.
2. Ruxsatmi? → let.
3. Kim + fe’l (to siz).
4. Majhul ruxsat → be allowed to.

Misol: “Onam menga sabzavot yedirdi (majburlab).”

Misol: “Ular bizga kirishga ruxsat berishmadi.”

Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar

Eslab qoling: make / let + kim + fe’l — to yo‘q. Majhulda: be allowed to, be made to.

Hayotiy vaziyatlarda

Bolalik xotiralari

When I was a child, my parents were quite strict. They made me do my homework before dinner, and they made me go to bed at nine. They didn’t let me watch TV on school days. But my grandmother was different! She always let me eat sweets and stay up late. She made me laugh with her stories. At her house I was allowed to do anything!

Ota-ona va bola

• — Mum, can you let me stay up late tonight?— Oyi, bugun kechgacha o‘tirishimga ruxsat berasizmi?
• — No. Last time you stayed up late, it made you tired all day.— Yo‘q. Oxirgi marta kech yotganingda, kun bo‘yi charchab yurding.
• — Please! It’s Friday!— Iltimos! Juma-ku!
• — OK, but first I’m going to make you finish your homework.— Xo‘p, lekin avval uy vazifangni tugatishga majbur qilaman.
• — Can I get Dad to help me with maths?— Matematikada dadamni yordam berishga ko‘ndirsam bo‘ladimi?
• — Good luck with that!— Omad!

Kichik matn: “Birinchi ish joyim”

My first job was in a busy restaurant. The manager was very strict. He made us arrive thirty minutes early, and he never let us sit down during our shift. Once, I dropped a plate, and he made me pay for it! But the chef was kind. He sometimes let me taste the new dishes. He also got me to help in the kitchen, and that made me love cooking. After a year, the manager made me head waiter. It was hard work, but it made me stronger.

Matndagi make, let, get ni toping. Ulardan keyin to bormi yoki yo‘qmi?

O‘zingizni tekshiring

1. The teacher made us ___ (read) the text twice. → read
2. My boss let me ___ (leave) early. → leave
3. ___ me carry your bag. → Let
4. Sad films always ___ me cry. → make
5. Tuzating: They let me to use their car. → They let me use their car.
6. Tuzating: I was let to stay. → I was allowed to stay.
7. Boshlig‘im meni kech ishlashga majbur qildi. → My boss made me work late.
8. Akamni yordam berishga ko‘ndirdim. → I got my brother to help me.
9. Bizni kutishga majbur qilishdi. (majhul) → We were made to wait.
10. Bu qo‘shiq meni xafa qiladi. → This song makes me sad.

Qisqa xulosa

• make + kim + fe’l — majburlash: She made me wait.
• make + kim + fe’l / sifat — his uyg‘otish: It made me laugh / happy.
• let + kim + fe’l — ruxsat: He let me go.
• Let me + fe’l — taklif: Let me help.
• Ikkalasidan keyin to yo‘q.
• Majhul: be allowed to (let o‘rniga), be made to.
• let – let – let; make – made – made.