Telling the Time

Oddiy qilib aytganda

Inglizchada soatni aytishning ikki usuli bor:

1. Raqamlar bilan (oson, zamonaviy): It’s seven thirty. (7:30)
2. past / to bilan (an’anaviy, Britaniyada ko‘p): It’s half past seven. (7:30)

Eng muhim so‘zlar: o’clock (aniq soat), past (o‘tdi), to (qoldi), quarter (chorak — 15 daqiqa), half (yarim — 30 daqiqa).

• — What time is it? — It’s three o’clock.— Soat necha? — Uch.
• It’s half past nine.To‘qqiz yarim.
• It’s quarter to six.Oltiga chorak qoldi.
• The lesson starts at 8:15.Dars 8:15 da boshlanadi.

Bu darsda siz quyidagilarni o‘rganasiz:

1. Soatni so‘rash.
2. o’clock, past, to, quarter, half.
3. Raqamlar bilan aytish.
4. a.m. va p.m.
5. Predlog at: at 5 o’clock.
6. Taxminiy vaqt: about, around.

Soatni so‘rash

• What time is it?Soat necha?
• What’s the time?Soat necha?
• Have you got the time?Soat necha bo‘ldi? (muloyim)
• What time does the shop open?Do‘kon soat nechada ochiladi?

past va to

Soat siferblatini ikkiga bo‘ling:

Diqqat: to bilan keyingi soat aytiladi: 4:50 = ten to five (to‘rt emas!).

5, 10, 20, 25 dan boshqa daqiqalarda minutes qo‘shiladi: It’s seven minutes past two. (2:07)

Raqamlar bilan

Bu usul oson va hamma joyda tushuniladi:

• 7:30 — seven thirtyyetti o‘ttiz
• 8:15 — eight fifteensakkiz o‘n besh
• 9:45 — nine forty-fiveto‘qqiz qirq besh
• 10:05 — ten oh fiveo‘n-u besh (0 → “oh”)

a.m. va p.m.

Inglizlar ko‘pincha 12 soatlik tizimdan foydalanadi:

Og‘zaki nutqda ko‘pincha: seven in the morning, three in the afternoon, eight in the evening, eleven at night.

Diqqat: 7 o’clock p.m. — xato. o’clock va a.m./p.m. birga ishlatilmaydi: 7 p.m. yoki 7 o’clock in the evening.

at + vaqt

Aniq vaqt oldidan at qo‘yiladi:

• I get up at 6:30.Soat 6:30 da turaman.
• The train leaves at half past ten.Poyezd o‘n yarimda jo‘naydi.
• See you at midnight!Yarim tunda ko‘rishamiz!

Taxminiy vaqt: at about / around 5 — soat 5 lar atrofida.

Rasmiy vaqt va 24 soatlik format

Kundalik nutqda 12 soatlik format ishlatiladi. Lekin jadvallar, chiptalar, aeroport va rasmiy hujjatlarda — 24 soatlik:

• The train departs at 13:45 (thirteen forty-five).Poyezd 13:45 da jo‘naydi.
• Your flight leaves at 21:10 (twenty-one ten).Parvozingiz 21:10 da.

Diqqat: 12:00 — noon / midday (tush), 00:00 — midnight (yarim tun). 12 a.m. va 12 p.m. ko‘pincha chalkashtiriladi, shuning uchun noon / midnight deyish xavfsizroq.

Taxminiy vaqt

Aniq vaqtni bilmasangiz yoki aniq bo‘lish shart bo‘lmasa:

• Let’s meet at about seven.Taxminan yettida uchrashaylik.
• I’ll be there sixish.Oltilarda yetib boraman.
• It’s nearly midnight!Deyarli yarim tun!
• The meeting starts at nine sharp.Yig‘ilish aniq soat to‘qqizda boshlanadi.
• Please arrive by ten at the latest.Iltimos, eng kechi bilan o‘nda keling.

Kunning qismlari

• I get up at seven in the morning.Ertalab soat yettida turaman.
• I usually go to bed at eleven at night.Odatda kechasi soat o‘n birda yotaman.
• See you at noon!Tushda ko‘rishamiz!

in the night — odatda xato; at night — to‘g‘ri.

Bosqichma-bosqich

1. Daqiqa 0 mi? → o’clock.
2. 1–30 daqiqa? → daqiqa + past + hozirgi soat.
3. 31–59? → (60 − daqiqa) + to + keyingi soat.
4. 15 → quarter, 30 → half.

Misol: 3:40

1. 40 > 30 → to.
2. 60 − 40 = 20. Keyingi soat: 4.

Misol: 11:15

Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar

Eslab qoling: past — hozirgi soat, to — keyingi soat. quarter = 15, half = 30. Vaqt oldidan — at.

Hayotiy vaziyatlarda

Vokzalda

• — Excuse me, what time is it?— Kechirasiz, soat necha?
• — It’s quarter to ten.— O‘nga chorak qoldi.
• — Thanks. What time does the train to Samarkand leave?— Rahmat. Samarqandga poyezd soat nechada jo‘naydi?
• — At ten past ten.— O‘n-u o‘nda.
• — And what time does it arrive?— Soat nechada yetib boradi?
• — At about twelve thirty.— Taxminan o‘n ikki o‘ttizda.

Aeroportda

• — Excuse me, what time does the flight to Istanbul leave?— Kechirasiz, Istanbulga reys soat nechada uchadi?
• — At 14:20 — twenty past two.— 14:20 da — ikkidan yigirma daqiqa o‘tganda.
• — And when does boarding start?— Bortga chiqish qachon boshlanadi?
• — At 13:40. Please be at the gate by half past one at the latest.— 13:40 da. Iltimos, eng kechi bilan bir yarimda chiqish eshigida bo‘ling.
• — What time do we arrive?— Soat nechada yetib boramiz?
• — Around six in the evening, local time.— Mahalliy vaqt bilan kechqurun taxminan oltida.

Kichik matn: “Mening ish kunim”

My working day is very busy. I wake up at six in the morning and leave home at quarter to seven. My first lesson starts at eight sharp. I have lunch at noon — usually just after twelve. In the afternoon I teach three more classes and finish at around half past four. Then I go to the gym at five-ish. I get home at about seven and have dinner with my family. I read in the evening and go to bed at eleven at night. On Fridays I sometimes stay up until midnight!

Matndagi barcha vaqt ifodalarini toping. Qaysilari aniq, qaysilari taxminiy?

O‘zingizni tekshiring

1. 6:00 → six o’clock
2. 9:30 → half past nine
3. 2:15 → quarter past two
4. 5:45 → quarter to six
5. 8:50 → ten to nine
6. 19:00 (a.m./p.m.) → 7 p.m.
7. 13:30 ni kundalik nutqda qanday aytamiz? → half past one (p.m.)
8. Taxminan yettida uchrashaylik. → Let’s meet at about seven.
9. Men kechasi uxlayman. → I sleep at night.
10. Yig‘ilish aniq soat to‘qqizda. → The meeting is at nine sharp.

Qisqa xulosa

• So‘rash: What time is it? / What’s the time?
• o’clock — aniq soat (5:00).
• past — o‘tdi (hozirgi soat); to — qoldi (keyingi soat).
• quarter — 15 daqiqa, half — 30 daqiqa.
• Raqam bilan: seven thirty, ten oh five.
• a.m. — ertalab, p.m. — tushdan keyin/kechqurun.
• Vaqt oldidan at: at 6:30, at midnight.